Toxicology

Question 1

what three questions are most important to know about an exposure to a toxin?

Answer 1

where, what, and how of the exposure

Question 2

morphine is a…

Answer 2

opiate

Question 3

codeine is a…

Answer 3

opiate

Question 4

common opiates examples

Answer 4

morphine and codeine

Question 5

signs and symptoms of an opiate

Answer 5

hypoventilation, respiratory arrest, pinpoint pupils, sedation/coma, hypotension

Question 6

common opioid examples

Answer 6

heroin, fentanyl, methadone, oxycodone

Question 7

heroin is a…

Answer 7

opioid

Question 8

fentanyl is a…

Answer 8

opioid

Question 9

methadone is a…

Answer 9

opioid

Question 10

oxycodone is a…

Answer 10

opioid

Question 11

signs and symptoms of an opioid

Answer 11

hypoventilation, respiratory arrest, pinpoint pupils, sedation/coma, hypotension

Question 12

what do opioids and opiates do to the body?

Answer 12

they bind to the nerve cells in the brain to reduce pain receptors, create intense euphoria, or an intense high

Question 13

common examples of sympathomimetics

Answer 13

mephedrone, cocaine, methamphetamine

Question 14

mephedrone is a…

Answer 14

sympathomimetics

Question 15

cocaine is a…

Answer 15

sympathomimetics

Question 16

methamphetamine is a…

Answer 16

sympathomimetics

Question 17

signs and symptoms of a sympathomimetic

Answer 17

hypertension, tachycardia, dilated pupils, agitation, seizures, hyperthermia

Question 18

what do sympathomimetic drugs do to your body?

Answer 18

imamate your fight or flight response, give you a huge rush of adrenaline!

Question 19

common examples of sedatives/hypnotics

Answer 19

diazepam, secobarbital, temazepam, midazolam, ketamine

Question 20

diazepam is a…

Answer 20

sedatives/hypnotics

Question 21

secobarbital is a…

Answer 21

sedatives/hypnotics

Question 22

temazepam is a…

Answer 22

sedatives/hypnotics

Question 23

midazolam is a…

Answer 23

sedatives/hypnotics

Question 24

signs and symptoms of sedatives/hypnotics

Answer 24

slurred speech, sedation/coma, hypoventilation, hypotension

Question 25

sedatives/hypnotics effect on the body

Answer 25

tranquilizers/sleeping pills, slow down the body's functions

Question 26

anticholinergics common examples

Answer 26

atropine, diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine, doxylamine, jimsonweed

Question 27

atropine is a...

Answer 27

anticholinergics

Question 28

diphenhydramine is a...

Answer 28

anticholinergics

Question 29

chlorpheniramine is a...

Answer 29

anticholinergics

Question 30

doxylamine is a...

Answer 30

anticholinergics

Question 31

jimsonweed is a...

Answer 31

anticholinergics

Question 32

signs and symptoms of anticholinergics

Answer 32

tachycardia, hyperthermia, hypertension, dilated pupils, dry skin, mucous membranes, sedition and agitation, coma or delirium, decreased bowel sounds

Question 33

common examples of cholinergics

Answer 33

organophosphates, pilocarpine, nerve gas

Question 34

organophosphates is a...

Answer 34

cholinergic

Question 35

pilocarpine is a...

Answer 35

cholinergic

Question 36

nerve gas is a...

Answer 36

cholinergic

Question 37

signs and symptoms of cholinergics

Answer 37

airway compromise and SLUDGEM S: sweating and salivation L: lacrimation (excessive teary eyes) U: urination D: defecation and drooling G: gastric upset and cramps E: emesis M: muscle twitching

Question 38

cholinergic agents do what to the body?

Answer 38

overstimulate the normal body functions controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system

Question 39

dose for activated charcoal

Answer 39

1 gram per kilogram of body weight

Question 40

pounds to kilogram conversion factor is...

Answer 40

1 lb = .45 kg 1 kg = 2.2 lb

Question 41

alcohol is a...

Answer 41

sedative/hypnotic

Question 42

a narcotic produces what symptoms

Answer 42

sleep or altered mental status

Question 43

what chemical is in marijuana that makes you high?

Answer 43

THC

Question 44

signs and symptoms of inhaling or ingesting marijuana

Answer 44

euphoria, relaxed, drowsy

Question 45

a common hallucinogen is...

Answer 45

LSD

Question 46

excited is another word for...

Answer 46

agitated

Question 47

an antidote is...

Answer 47

a substance that is used to neutralize or counteract a poison

Question 48

4 routes a poison can enter the body

Answer 48

inhalation, absorption, ingestion, and injection

Question 49

what occurs in alcohol withdrawl?

Answer 49

delirium, fever, sweating, restlessness, agitation, seizures