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Emergency and Critical Care > Trauma: Patient Assessment > Flashcards

Trauma: Patient Assessment Flashcards

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1
Q

What should be performed on arrival to the hospital to determine urgency of animal’s condition?

A

Triage examination

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2
Q

What should follow the primary examination of the trauma patient?

A

mnemonic ABCs

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3
Q

What conditions are treated immediately when identified?

A

life-threatening conditions

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4
Q

What does the A stand for in the mnemonic ABCs?

A

airway

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5
Q

What are these the clinical signs of?

  1. Lack of breath
  2. Dyspnea
  3. Cyanosis
A

airway obstruction

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6
Q

What are these the possible causes of?

  1. Upper respiratory tract/oral cavity inflammation
  2. FB (foreign body)
  3. blood and mucus accumulation​
A

obstructed airway

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7
Q

What are these the treatments for?

  1. Remove fluids or FB (foreign body)
  2. place ET tube
  3. Perform tracheotomy
A

obstructed airway

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8
Q

What does the B stand for in the mnemonic ABCs?

A

breathing

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9
Q

What are these the clinical signs of?

  1. Cyanosis
  2. dyspnea​
A

breathing abnormalities

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10
Q

What are these the possible causes of?

  1. Pneumothorax
  2. hemothorax
  3. diaphragmatic hernia
  4. fractured ribs (flail chest)
A

breathing abnormalities

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11
Q

What are these the treatments for?

  1. Provide oxygen supplementation
  2. cover open wounds into thorax
  3. remove air/fluids from thoracic cavity
A

breathing abnormalities

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12
Q

How do you assess the animal’s airway?

A

check for patent airway

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13
Q

How do you assess the animal’s breathing? (3)

A
  1. Assess character of respiration​
  2. Check oral mm’s​
  3. Auscultate lungs​
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14
Q

What does the C in the mnemonic ABCs stand for?

A

circulation

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15
Q

How do you assess an animal’s circulation? (3)

A
  1. Check oral mm’s​
  2. Auscultate heart rate​
  3. Palpate pulse​
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16
Q

What are these the clinical signs of?

  1. Tachycardia
  2. Arrhythmia
  3. weak pulse
  4. pale mm’s
  5. prolonged CRT
  6. cold extremities​
A

cardiovascular abnormalities​

17
Q

What are these the possible causes of?

  1. Hemorrhage
  2. cardiac contusions ​
A

cardiovascular abnormalities​

18
Q

What are these the treatments for?

  1. Stop hemorrhage
  2. IV fluids
A

cardiovascular abnormalities​

19
Q

How do you stop a hemorrhage? (3)

A
  1. pressure bandage
  2. clamps/ligatures
  3. tourniquets
20
Q

What is IV fluids used for?

A

treatment for hypovolemic shock

21
Q

What condition is this?

  1. Check animal’s awareness, responsiveness, attitude​
  2. Look for obvious neurological problems​
A

Dysfunction of CNS

22
Q

What are these the clinical signs of?

  1. Depression
  2. Seizures
  3. Unconsciousness
  4. abnormal pupil size
  5. abnormal PLR
  6. abnormal posture
A

Dysfunction of CNS

23
Q

What is this the possible causes of?

1. CNS tissue injury​

A

Dysfunction of CNS

24
Q

What are these the possible treatments for?

  1. Mannitol
  2. Glucocorticoids
  3. immobilize animal on flat board​
A

Dysfunction of CNS

25
Q

What is this describing?

  1. Recumbency
  2. hyperextension of limbs/back
  3. Paralysis
  4. Schiff-Sherrington
A

abnormal posture

26
Q

What treatment does this?

  1. Diuretic
  2. Helps keep fluid out of the CNS
A

Mannitol

27
Q

When are these baseline diagnostic tests ordered?

  1. Blood pressure​
  2. ECG tracing​
  3. PCV/TS, BUN and glucose assays (blood gases, electrolytes)​
A

after initial assessment

Emergency and Critical Care (41 decks)

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