Hematologic Emergecies: Intro and Primary Hemostasis Abnormalities

Question 1

What do most hematologic emergencies in small animals involve?

Answer 1

bleeding and/or anemia

Question 2

What can happen if hematologic emergencies are not recognized and are left untreated?

Answer 2

conditions could be life-threatening

Question 3

What is Epistaxis?

Answer 3

nose bleeding

Question 4

What is Melena?

Answer 4

digested blood

Question 5

What are the 3 Primary Hemostasis Abnormalities?

Answer 5

1. Thrombocytopenia
2. Thrombopathia
3. von Willebrand’s Factor Deficiencies

Question 6

What do these things cause?

1. decreased platelet production
2. increased platelet consumption
3. increased platelet destruction

Answer 6

Thrombocytopenia

Question 7

What could cause decreased platelet production?

Answer 7

could be from a tick borne disease/illness

Question 8

What can cause increased platelet consumption?

Answer 8

DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation)

Question 9

What causes increased platelet destruction?

Answer 9

immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (IMT)

Question 10

What is Immune-Mediated Thrombocytopenia (IMT)?

Answer 10

body attacks its own platelets

Question 11

What do these things cause?

1. vaccines
2. drugs
3. cancer

Answer 11

Immune-Mediated Thrombocytopenia

Question 12

What is Thrombopathia?

Answer 12

abnormal platelet function

Question 13

Thrombopathia can be _____ or _____.

Answer 13

1. acquired

2. inherited

Question 14

What drugs can cause Thrombocytopenia and how? (2)

Answer 14

1. NSAIDs

2. can increase or affect the bleeding tendencies

Question 15

What is more common, Thrombocytopenia or Thrombopathia?

Answer 15

thrombocytopenia

Question 16

What does von Willebrand’s Factor do?

Answer 16

helps form the platelet plug, “sticky stuff”

Question 17

von Willebrand’s Factor deficiency is the most common hereditary bleeding defect in what breeds of dog? (4)

Answer 17

1. Golden Retriever
2. German Shepherd
3. Doberman
4. Rottweiler

Question 18

What is often seen after surgery or trauma with von Willebrand’s Factor deficiency? (2)

Answer 18

1. mucosal bleeding

2. hemorrhage

Question 19

What can be administered in high concentration preoperatively if the animal has vWF deficiencies?

Answer 19

cryoprecipitate vWF