Hematologic Emergecies: Intro and Primary Hemostasis Abnormalities Flashcards
What do most hematologic emergencies in small animals involve?
bleeding and/or anemia
What can happen if hematologic emergencies are not recognized and are left untreated?
conditions could be life-threatening
What is Epistaxis?
nose bleeding
What is Melena?
digested blood
What are the 3 Primary Hemostasis Abnormalities?
- Thrombocytopenia
- Thrombopathia
- von Willebrand’s Factor Deficiencies
What do these things cause?
- decreased platelet production
- increased platelet consumption
- increased platelet destruction
Thrombocytopenia
What could cause decreased platelet production?
could be from a tick borne disease/illness
What can cause increased platelet consumption?
DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation)
What causes increased platelet destruction?
immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (IMT)
What is Immune-Mediated Thrombocytopenia (IMT)?
body attacks its own platelets
What do these things cause?
- vaccines
- drugs
- cancer
Immune-Mediated Thrombocytopenia
What is Thrombopathia?
abnormal platelet function
Thrombopathia can be _____ or _____.
- acquired
2. inherited
What drugs can cause Thrombocytopenia and how? (2)
- NSAIDs
2. can increase or affect the bleeding tendencies
What is more common, Thrombocytopenia or Thrombopathia?
thrombocytopenia
What does von Willebrand’s Factor do?
helps form the platelet plug, “sticky stuff”
von Willebrand’s Factor deficiency is the most common hereditary bleeding defect in what breeds of dog? (4)
- Golden Retriever
- German Shepherd
- Doberman
- Rottweiler
What is often seen after surgery or trauma with von Willebrand’s Factor deficiency? (2)
- mucosal bleeding
2. hemorrhage
What can be administered in high concentration preoperatively if the animal has vWF deficiencies?
cryoprecipitate vWF
