Hematologic Emergencies: Secondary Hemostatic Abnormalities

Question 1

What are the Secondary Hemostasis Abnormalities?

Answer 1

coagulation factor deficiencies

Question 2

What can cause acquired coagulation factor deficiencies? (3)

Answer 2

1. Anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity
2. Liver disease
3. DIC

Question 3

What generation of Anticoagulant rodenticides are these?

1. Warfarin
2. Inandione

Answer 3

1st generation

Question 4

What generation of Anticoagulant rodenticides?

1. Brodifacoum
2. Bromdiolone

Answer 4

2nd generation

Question 5

What treats the effects of anticoagulant rodenticides? (2)

Answer 5

1. vitamin K

2. coagulation factor administration

Question 6

How does vitamin K help with clotting?

Answer 6

helps activate clotting factors

Question 7

What causes these effects on blood clotting?

1. prevents activation of vitamin K and prevents vitamin K from stopping the bleeding
2. toxins antagonize vitamin K activity
3. prevents activation of coagulation factors (intrinsic and extrinsic)

Answer 7

anticoagulant rodenticides

Question 8

How does liver disease contribute to hemostatic abnormalities?

Answer 8

liver unable to synthesize coagulation factors

Question 9

What is DIC?

Answer 9

a condition in which coagulation is increased

Question 10

What does DIC cause? (2)

Answer 10

1. clots are formed throughout the circulatory system

2. hemorrhage due to consumption of coagulation factors and platelets

Question 11

What causes DIC?

Answer 11

Inflammatory mediators that cause tissue factor expression during systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)

Question 12

What are these symptoms of?

1. Sepsis
2. Neoplasia
3. Massive tissue trauma
4. Ischemia

Answer 12

DIC

Question 13

What do these things cause ?

1. Shock
2. GDV
3. Heat stroke
4. Crushing injury
5. Pancreatitis

Answer 13

ischemia

Question 14

What are these tests for?

1. PT (prolonged)
2. aPTT (prolonged)
3. ACT (prolonged)
4. Fibrinogen (low)
5. FDP (increased)

Answer 14

DIC