Trauma: paediatrics Flashcards
how do children’s bones differ to adults
more elastic and pliable
what does the periosteum build in kids
builds diameter, is strong and helps with stability - makes bones proportionally thicker than adults
fractures at which area of bone can disrupt growth
physis - growth plate
name 5 common paediatric fractures
distal radius fracture, forearm, suprcandylar of elbow, femoral shaft, tibial
what aspect of kids bones means they heal better than adults
periosteum with osteoblasts, remodel better
what would indicate a NAI
multiple tripes A+E, story not in line with clinical injury, multiple bruises, trunk burns, rib fractures
what is the salter-harris classification used for
fractures of physeal growth plate - increased score = poorer prognosis
describe type I salter-harris fracture and consequences
pure physeal separation, least likely to interrupt growth
describe type II salter-harris fracture and consequences
most common, small part of eiphysis and physis attached
describe type III and IV salter-harris fracture and consequences
intra-articular, can disturb growth
describe type V salter-harris fracture and consequences
compression, not detected on X ray, stunts growth
name 4 types of distal radial fractures (mild –> severe)
buckle, greenstick, salter-Harris II, complete fracture
what is usually used to treat monteggia and galezzi forearm fractures
plates and screws
what neurovasculature is at risk in a supracondylar fracture of the elbow and what would indicate damage
brachial artery and median nerve - weakened pulse, ongoing pain
what does a femoral shaft fracture in a child <2 indicate
NAI
