physiology of pain Flashcards
what is the process we feel pain
transduction, transmission, modulation, perception
what is transduction of pain
translation of noxious stimulus to EA at peripheral nociceptor
what is transmission of pain
propagation of pain as it travels through NGS
what is modulation of pain
modification of transmission in NS by inhibitory neurotransmitters eg opioids
what is perception of pain
conscious experience of pain causing response
what order of neurones are nociceptors
1st order
what does the anterolateral system compose of where 2nd order neurones ascend spinal cord
spinothalmic and spinoreticular
where do 3rd order neurones live in pain receptors
thalamus, sensory cortex
what are the 4 mechanisms of pain
nociceptive, inflammatory, pathological pain (neuropathic) pathological pain (dysfunctional)
what is nociceptive pain
normal response to damaging stimuli, is adaptive, intense stimulation, protective eg hand to flame
what is inflammatory pain
immune system, pain activated by mediators, heightened pain sensitivity to noxious stimuli, discourages contact eg swollen and tender
what is pathological neurpoathic pain
damage to neural tissue, compression/ peripheral neuropathies eg stroke/ phantom limb
what is pathological dysfunctional pain
no identifiable damage/ inflamm eg IBS, fibromyalgia, maladaptive, can sometimes be treated by drugs eg antidepressants
what is referred pain
developed in one part of body but felt somewhere else
how does referred pain occur
convergence of nociceptive visceral and skin afferents at same spinothalmic regions
