Trauma Emergencies Overview (Children)

Question 1

You arrive at a trauma emergency with haemorrhage, what are your first steps in the management of the haemorrhage only?

Answer 1

Apply a field dressing
Apply firm direct pressure directly over the wound
Where possible elevate the bleeding point above the heart height

Question 2

After applying a field dressing with firm direct pressure the bleeding is under control, what is your next step?

Answer 2

Transfer to further care

Question 3

After applying a field dressing with firm direct pressure the bleeding is still not under control, what is your next step?

Answer 3

Apply further dressing and continue to apply direct pressure

Question 4

Additional dressing application and further direct pressure controls the haemorrhage, what is you next step?

Answer 4

Transfer to further care

Question 5

Additional dressing application and further direct pressure does not control the haemorrhage, what do you now need to consider before further care?

Answer 5

Haemorrhage is now classed as catastrophic, extreme bleeding is likely to cause death within minutes
Treatment will differ deepening on the location of the bleeding (Head, neck, torso or limbs)

Question 6

After determining that catastrophic haemorrhage is present in a head, neck, torso wound, what are your next steps?

Answer 6

Pack with haemostatic gauze

Apply fresh dressings and direct pressure

Question 7

A confirmed catastrophic haemorrhage of the head, neck, torso becomes controlled after packing with haemostatic gauze and applying fresh dressing with pressure, what are your next steps?

Answer 7

Secure dressing over the wound
Undertake a time critical transfer to the nearest receiving hospital
Continue patient management en-route
Provide an alert/information call

Question 8

A confirmed catastrophic haemorrhage of the head, neck, torso is not controlled after packing with haemostatic gauze and applying fresh dressing with pressure, what are your next steps?

Answer 8

Apply further dressings and direct pressure
Undertake a time critical transfer to the nearest receiving hospital
Continue patient management en-route
Provide an alert/information call

Question 9

After determining that catastrophic haemorrhage is present in a limb(s), what is your next step?

Answer 9

Apply the tourniquet on the limb over a single bone as close to the joint as practical

Question 10

A confirmed catastrophic haemorrhage of the limb(s) becomes controlled after application of a tourniquet, what are your next steps?

Answer 10

Undertake a time critical transfer to the nearest receiving hospital
Continue patient management en-route
Provide an alert message/information call

Question 11

A confirmed catastrophic haemorrhage of the limb(s) is not controlled after application of a tourniquet, what is your next step?

Answer 11

Apply a second tourniquet above the first

Question 12

A confirmed catastrophic haemorrhage of the limb(s) is

controlled after application of a second tourniquet, what are your next steps?

Answer 12

Undertake a time critical transfer to the nearest receiving hospital
Continue patient management en-route
Provide an alert message/information call

Question 13

A confirmed catastrophic haemorrhage of the limb(s) is not controlled after application of a second tourniquet, what are your next steps?

Answer 13

Pack with haemostatic gauze
Apply fresh dressings and direct pressure
Undertake a time critical transfer to the nearest receiving hospital
Continue patient management en-route
Provide an alert message/information call