Trauma Flashcards
where is the fracture if the patient presents with raccoon/panda eyes
anterior cranial fossa
where is the fracture is the patient presents with a battle sig over the mastoid area (behind ear)
middle cranial fossa
GCS in coma and needs ventilation
GCS <9
abnormal GCS
GCS <15
which fluid given to v sick patients (eg with head trauma) contains glucose and hence reduces ICP (bc of osmosis)
mannitol
what drug should you give someone who presents with seizures
IV lorazepam (benzodiazepine) PR diazepam if seizing and don't have IV access
what is the indication of CSF drainage
raised ICP
GCS eyes open spontaneously
4
GCS eyes open on command
3
what is the GCS out of
15
a GCS ? is bad (needs ventilation, is in a coma)
<9
GCS eyes open to painful stimuli
2
GCS eyes don’t open
1
GCS orientated verbal response
5
GCS confused verbal response
4
GCS inappropriate words (in response to pain)
3
GCS incomprehensible sounds (in response to pain)
2
GCS no sound (in response to pain)
1
GCS obeys command for motor response
6
GCS localizes to pain
ie if pain stimulated in supraorbital fossa, hand will go above the clavicles (localizes towards the pain)
5
where should you apply painful stimuli
why
supraorbital fossa
if you do it on finger its hard to differentiate the motor responses
GCS withdraws to pain (body moves away from painful stimulus, eg flinches)
4
GCS abnormal flexion (decorticate) to pain
arms flex
3
GCS extension to pain (arms)
2
no response to painful stimuli
1
someone opens their eyes to voice, makes inappropriate sounds after painful stimuli and flinches from pain
what is their GCS
3+3+4=10
someone doesn’t open their eyes after painful stimulus, incomprehensible noises in response to pain and limb flexion in response to pain
1+2+3=6
someone groaning in pain answering your questions, eyes open on command and obeys your request to move their arm
what is their GCS
5+3+6=14
