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J Neuro > PHYSIOLOGY - nerve pathways > Flashcards

PHYSIOLOGY - nerve pathways Flashcards

1
Q

what type of input does the superior colliculus receive

A

ocular input

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2
Q

what type of input does the inferior colliculus receive

A

auditory input

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3
Q

what does the dorsal column (DCML) supply

is it ascending (sensory) or descending (motor)

A

fine touch and proprioception (and 2 point discrimination)

ascending (sensory

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4
Q

what does the spinothalamic tract supply

is it ascending (sensory) or descending (motor)

A

pain, temperature, deep pressure

ascending (sensory)

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5
Q

what does the spinoreticular tract supply

is it ascending (sensory) or descending (motor)

A

pain (slower response than spinothalamic tract)

ascending (sensory)

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6
Q

what does the corticospinal tract supply

is it ascending (sensory) or descending (motor)

A

fine movements of distal limbs

descending (motor)

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7
Q

what does the tectospinal tract supply

is it ascending (sensory) or descending (motor)

A

head and neck movements in response to visual stimuli

descending (motor)

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8
Q

what does the vestibulospinal tract supply

is it ascending (sensory) or descending (motor)

A

balance and posture

descending (motor)

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9
Q

what does the reticulospinal tract supply

is it ascending (sensory) or descending (motor)

A

flexor/extensor movements

descending (motor)

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10
Q

what does the rubrospinal tract supply

is it ascending (sensory) or descending (motor)

A

excites flexor muscles and inhibits extensor muscles of upper body

descending (motor)

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11
Q

what are the 3 ascending (sensory) tracts

A

dorsal column - fine touch and proprioception
spinothalamic tract - pain, temperature, deep touch
spinoreticular tract - pain (slower)

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12
Q

what are the 5 descending (motor) tracts

A

corticospinal tract
tectospinal tract (head and neck movement in response to visual stimuli)
vestibulospinal tract (balance eand posture)
reticulospinal tract
rubrospinal tract

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13
Q

what are the 2 tracts within the dorsal column

A

medial fasciculus gracilis (gracile tract)

lateral fasciculus cuteatus (cuneate tract)

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14
Q

what does the medial fasciulus gracilis (gracile tract) part of dorsal column supply

A

lower limbs, T6 and below

THINK: the lateral nerves come off before the medial ones = medial ones supply lower down

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15
Q

what does the lateral fasciculus cuneate (cuneate tract) part of the dorsal column supply

A

upper limbs, above T6

THINK: lateral nerves comes off before the medial ones = lateral ones supply upper limbs

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16
Q

where do the fibres in the dorsal column dessucate (cross sides)

A

medulla

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17
Q

in the medulla, which nucleus does the fasciculus gracilis synapse at

A

gracile nucleus

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18
Q

in the medulla, which nucleus does the fasciculus cuneatus synapse at

A

cuneate nucleus

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19
Q

after they synapse in the medulla (cuneate/gracile nucleus) where do the second order neurons of the dorsal column travel

(arrive in thalamus)

A

in the medial lemniscus (band of white matter)

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20
Q

dorsal column

where are the first order neurones

A

between stimulus and medulla

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21
Q

dorsal column

where are the second order neurons

A

between medulla and thalamus

22
Q

dorsal column

where are the third order neurons

A

between thalamus and primary somatosensory cortex in cerebrum

23
Q

which gyrus is the primary somatosensory cortex in

A

post central gyrus (just behind the central sulcus)

24
Q

which part of the somatosensory cortex is most medial (info from which part of the body)

A

feet

25
Q

which part of the somatosensory cortex is most lateral (info from which part of the body)

A

head

26
Q

what is the ‘man’ called that represents what the body would look like if each art was in proportion to its sensory input

A

homunculus

27
Q

how would you test is the dorsal column was working or not (2)

A

fine touch

proprioception

28
Q

what does the spinothalamic tract (STT) do

A

relays pain, temperature and deep pressure info to brain

29
Q

where do the fibres dessucate (cross) in the STT

A

in the spinal cord

NOT medulla like the dorsal column

30
Q

do dorsal column and STT fibers enter the spinal cord via white or grey matter

A

entire via grey matter

then travel up spinal cord in white matter

31
Q

which spinal tract is also known as the pyramidal tract

A

corticospinal tract

32
Q

which tract travels along side the corticospinal tract in the pyramids of the medulla to supply motor nerves to the face

A

corticobulbar tract

33
Q

where do the fibres in the corticospinal tract originate

A

primary motor cortex

34
Q

which gyrus is the primary motor cortex in

A

precentral gyrus

THINK: motor fibres want to get close to the action = more anterior gyrus

35
Q

what % of fibres dessucate (cross) at the medulla in the corticospinal tract

what is this subtype of the tract called

A

85%

lateral corticospinal tract

36
Q

what % of fibres dessucate (Cross) in the spinal cord in the corticospinal tract

what is this subtype of the tract called

A

15%

anterior corticospinal tract

37
Q

where do the lateral corticospinal tract fibres dessucate

A

medulla

38
Q

where do the anterior coritcospinal tract dessuctae

A

spinal cord

39
Q

which spinal tract has bilateral supply

what is the clinical significance of this

A

corticobulbar (to the face)

UMN lesion = bilateral problem (though not complete paralysis bc of the other sided supply)
LMN lesion = unilateral problem (paralysis)

40
Q

where do the fibres for the tectospinal tract originate

A

superior colliculus cortex

41
Q

where does the sensory input for the tectospinal tract come from

A

occular input

tectospinal tract = moves head and neck in response to a visual stimuli

42
Q

where does the fibres from the tectospinal tract leave the spinal cord

A

C1-C8

bc they supply the head/neck etc

43
Q

what are the 2 origins of the 2 reticulospinal tracts

A

pons

medulla

44
Q

where does the fibres form the vestibulospinal tract originate

A

vestibular nuclei (in pons)

45
Q

where does the sensory input for the vestibulospinal tract come from

A

vestibular apparatus and cerebellum

bc it controls muscles of balance

46
Q

is the supply of the vestibulospinal tract bilateral, ipsilateral or controlateral

A

ipsilateral

THINK: bc the cerebellum has ipsilateral control

47
Q

where is the primary auditory cortex

A

superior temporal lobe, just under the lateral fissure

48
Q

is it wernickes or brocas area that is near the primary auditory cortex in the superior temporal lobe (just under the lateral fissure)

A

wernickes

THINK: bc brocas = broken language, then wernickes must be unable to understand language = auditory processing problem

49
Q

why does alcohol make you dizzy

A

alcohol is lighter than water = crystals more likely to sink = activates hair cells

50
Q

in right handed people, which hemisphere is dominant for language (hence contains wernickes and brocas areas)

A

left hemisphere

51
Q

which ascending tract recognises 2 point discrimination

A

dorsal column (probs bc it does proprioception)

52
Q

which descending pathway is pyramidal

by default, what does that make the rest of them…

A

corticospinal tract

rest = extrapyramidal

J Neuro (32 decks)

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