Transportation in Vascular Plants Flashcards
Water and minerals are transported by ________.
Xylem
This is the physiological process that creates a driving force to pull water through a plant from soil.
Transpiration
This is transported by phloem to growing tissues or storage organs.
Sugar
This is transport BETWEEN CELLS.
Cellular-level transport
This is the movement of materials into or out of a cell DOWN a concentration gradient.
Passive transport
This is the passive movement of molecules from areas of HIGH TO LOW concentration.
Simple diffusion (passive transport)
This is the SIMPLE DIFFUSION of water through a selectively PERMEABLE MEMBRANE.
Osmosis
These are membrane pores formed by proteins.
Channels
These are proteins that transport molecules across the plasma membrane.
Transporters
This is the movement of materials into or out of the cell against a concentration gradient.
Active transport
These create potential energy by way of creating a large membrane potential.
Proton pumps
True or False: proton pumps use energy from ____ to pump K+ ions out of the cell.
FALSE, proton pumps use energy from ATP to pump H+ ions out of the cell
This is the measurable quantity that includes the side effects of solute concentration and physical pressure.
Water potential
Acquisition and transpiration occur at what three scales?
Cellular (between cells)
Short-distance (between tissues and organs)
Long distance (throughout plant)
This is the term for when a plant cell’s plasma membrane is tightly against the cell wall.
Turgid plant cell
This is the term for when a plant cell’s plasma membrane is away from the cell wall.
Plasmolyzed plant cell
This is the term for when a plant cell’s plasma membrane is not tight against the cell wall.
Flaccid plant cell
What are the three forms in which SHORT DISTANCE TRANSPORT occurs?
Transmembrane transport
Symplastic transport
Apoplastic transport
These are channels that connect cytoplasm of adjacent cells.
Plasmodesmata
This is where sugars are produced.
Sugar source
The is where sugars are consumed
Sugar sinks
This is the export of material from one cell followed by import of the same substance by an adjacent cell.
Transmembrane transport
This is the movement of a substance from the cytosol of one cell to the cytosol of an adjacent cell by way of the plasmodesmata
Symplastic transport
This is an entire network of cytosols and plasmodesmata.
Symplast
This is the continuum if cell walls and intercellular spaces.
Apoplast
This is the thin cylinder of tissue that forms a barrier between the cortex and central core of vascular tissue.
Endodermis
These are ribbon-like strips of suberin located in endodermal cells.
Casparian strips
The mass movement of liquid as a result of gravity, pressure or both.
Bulk flow
This is the loading of sugar into sieve tubes by way of active transport.
Phloem loading
