Soil and Plant Nutrition Flashcards
This type of organism MAKE their OWN FOOD by using inorganic molecules to make organic molecules.
Autotrophs
This is a substance that is METABOLIZE by or INCORPORATED into an organism.
Nutrient
This type of organism use organic molecules FROM OTHER ORGANISMS to fuel, build and support.
Heterotrophs
These are substances needed in plants in order to COMPLETE their REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE.
Essential Nutrients
What 3 things occur with LIMITED ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS.
- ) REDUCE GROWTH and REPRODUCTION of plants
- ) DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS
- ) ADAPTATIONS for acquiring essential nutrients
What are some ADAPTIONS to SHADE? (3)
- ) THIN LEAVES
- ) Production of MORE CHLOROPHYLL to MAXIMIZE PHOTOSYNTHESIS
- ) ARRANGEMENT of leaves/branches
What are some ADAPTIONS to TOO MUCH LIGHT? (2)
- ) Chloroplasts CHANGE POSITION to AVOID DAMAGE
2. ) ADDITIONAL PIGMENTS are produced
What COLOR are CAROTENOIDS?
Yellow/Orange
What COLOR are ANTHOCYANINS?
Red/Purple/Blue
What are the HARMFUL EFFECTS of EXCESSIVE LIGHT?
Destroys protein and DNA
What are SYMPTOMS of TOO LITTLE LIGHT? (2)
- ) Die and fall off
2. ) Plant dies
During periods of TOO LITTLE LIGHT, CARBOHYDRATES can be used for ____________ but only to a point.
Cellular Respiration
These are NUTRIENTS that ABSORBED FROM the SOIL.
Mineral Nutrients
This is a type of MINERAL NUTRIENT that is required in LARGE quantities.
Macronutrients
These are a type of MINERAL NUTRIENTS that are required in SMALL quantities.
Micronutrients
This is a method of GROWING PLANTS using MINERAL NUTRIENTS IN WATER.
Hydroponics
True or False: The method of HYDROPONICS raises plants in aqueous solution containing unknown quantities of solution.
FALSE, The method of HYDROPONICS raises plants in aqueous solution containing KNOWN QUANTITIES OF SOLUTION.
True or False: HYDROPONICS uses the same NUTRIENT COMPOSITION of solution.
FALSE, HYDROPONICS is VARIED in NUTRIENT COMPOSITION of solution.
What 2 factors do DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS DEPEND UPON?
- ) Function
2. ) Mobility
This DEFICIENCY SYMPTOM is characterized by PURPLE streaks on the OUTER EDGE of the leaf (NEAR VEINS). They are smaller in size and have a DARK GREEN COLOR.
Phosphate Deficiency
This DEFICIENCY SYMPTOM is characterized by YELLOW/ORANGE streaks on the OUTER EDGE of the leaf. They are smaller in size, have WEAK stems, WILTED appearance and NECROTIC SPOTS.
Potassium Deficiency
This DEFICIENCY SYMPTOM is characterized by YELLOW/ORANGE streaks INSIDE of the leaf (MORE THAN younger plants). They are smaller in size.
Nitrogen Deficiency
NUTRIENTS are SENT to GROWING TISSUE by way of __________.
Phloem
True or False: GROWING tissue that REQUIRE NUTRIENTS can obtain them from breaking down old tissue.
TRUE, GROWING tissue that REQUIRE NUTRIENTS can obtain them from breaking down OLD TISSUE.
True or False: all nutrients are PHLOEM MOBILE.
FALSE, NOT ALL NUTRIENTS are PHLOEM MOBILE
In PHLOEM ______ NUTRIENTS, deficiency symptoms show up in OLD TISSUE FIRST.
Phloem MOBILE Nutrients
In PHLOEM _________ NUTRIENTS, deficiency symptoms show up in YOUNG TISSUE FIRST.
Phloem IMMOBILE Nutrients
This is a term used to describe the YELLOWING of LEAVES.
Chlorosis
NITROGEN FUNCTION
Molecule: Function:
CHLOROPHYLL ________________
PHOTOSYNTHETIC CARBON GAIN used as BUILDING BLOCKS for new plant material
NITROGEN FUNCTION
Molecule: Function:
NUCLEIC ACID _____________
DNA/RNA
NITROGEN FUNCTION
Molecule: Function:
PROTEINS ______________
Enzymes and ACTIVATING various REACTIONS.
NITROGEN FUNCTION
Molecule: Function:
COENZYMES ______________
HELPERS in ENZYMATIC REACTIONS
PHOSPHOROUS FUNCTION
Molecule: Function:
PHOSPHOLIPIDS _______________
Cell Membranes
PHOSPHOROUS FUNCTION
Molecule: Function:
NUCLEIC ACIDS ______________
DNA/RNA
PHOSPHOROUS FUNCTION
Molecule: Function:
ATP _______________
ENERGY currency of cell
PHOSPHOROUS FUNCTION
Molecule: Function:
SEVERAL COENZYMES _______________
HELPERS in ENZYMATIC REACTIONS
POTASSIUM FUNCTION
Molecule: Function:
COFACTOR in
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS _______________
PROTEIN PRODUCTION
POTASSIUM FUNCTION
Molecule: Function:
OSMOLYTE ______________
MAINTAINS WATER BALANCE by OPERATION OF STOMATA
What MOLECULE in POTASSIUM FUNCTION MAINTAINS WATER BALANCE by OPERATION OF STOMATA?
OSMOLYTE
What MOLECULE in the function of POTASSIUM aids in PROTEIN PRODUCTION?
COFACTOR in
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
What MOLECULE in the function of PHOSPHOROUS HELPS in ENZYMATIC REACTIONS?
SEVERAL COENZYMES
What MOLECULE in the function of PHOSPHOROUS is the ENERGY currency of cell?
ATP
What MOLECULE in the function of PHOSPHOROUS is involved with DNA/RNA?
NUCLEIC ACID
What MOLECULE in the function of PHOSPHOROUS is involved in CELL MEMBRANES?
PHOPHOLIPIDS
Which MOLECULE in the function of NITROGEN helps in ENZYMATIC REACTIONS?
COENZYMES
What MOLECULE in the function of NITROGEN have VARIOUS FUNCTIONS including enzymes and ACTIVATING various REACTIONS.
PROTEINS
What MOLECULE in the function of NITROGEN is involved in DNA/RNA?
NUCLEIC ACID
What MOLECULE in the function of NITROGEN PHOTOSYNTHETIC CARBON GAIN used as BUILDING BLOCKS for new plant material?
CHLOROPHYLL
