Transmission and treatment of viral disease Flashcards
week 3
Name the broad routes of transmission
- respiratory
- contact
- enteric
- percutaneous
- mother to child
- zonnoses
Respiratory transmission
- aerosol, droplet
- saliva
Name some ‘respiratory viruses’
flue, parainfluenza, rhinovirus
Suprising viruses trasmitted via respiratory route:
- measles, rubella, chickenpox, parovirus
Viruses transmitted via saliva:
cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus
Types of contact transmission
Mucosal
Cutaneous
Ex of mucosal viruses
HIV, Herpes simplex
Ex of cutaneous virus
HPV (microabrasions in skin)
Generally, enteric viruses are spread through…
fecal-oral, ingestion
Enteric viruses
norovirus
rotavirus
HepA
HepE
Types of percutanous transmission:
Blood-borne viruses (sexually, injection)
Abroviruses (mosquito)
Ex of blood-borne viruses
HIV, HepC, HepB
Types of mother-child transmission
- congenital (in utero)
- perinatal
Congenital infections:
CMV, rubella, parovirus, varicella
Perinatal infections:
tend to overlap with blood-borne/mucosa. HIV, HepB, Herpes simplex
Zoonoses infections:
- ingestion
- animal bites
- insects (abroviruses)
Non-specific antiviral:
Interferon, stimulates immune system
Nucleoside analogues MoA
Act as a chain terminator
Nucleoside analogue ex:
Aciclovir, valaciclovir, famiciclovir
What can be used to treat influenza?
Neuroaminidase inhibitor
Name 2 neuroaminidase inhibitors:
- Oseltamivir
2. Zanamivir
Nucloside analogues can treat…
- herpes simplex, varacella zoster, CMV
What does the prefix -val mean?
metabolised by liver first. reduces toxicity and increases bioavailability
Suffix of protease inhibitors
-previr
