Trait Approach (chapter 5) pt.2 Flashcards
What are some traits of a person who scores high on neuroticism?
Deal ineffectively with problems in their lives Act negatively to stressful events.
They are sensitive to social threats (indications that other people do not accept oor support them)
They take things to seriously, cant handle criticism, and feel opressed by life
Neuroticism appears to capture a general tendancy toward _____________.
Psychopathology
What is conscientiousness?
Being careful, rule-abiding, and ambitious. People who avoid risks and seek to protect themselves
What are some disadvantages of being highly conscientious?
They are prone to feel gulity when they dont loive up to expectations, and are likely to suffer psychologically if they become unemployed.
They are also conforming and not rebellious (which can sometimes be bad)
What are agreeable people like?
People who have this trait are more likely to be involved in religious activites, have a good sense of humour, and be psychologically well adjusted.
They go out of their way to look at pleasant rather than unpleasant things.
They also recover more quickly from disabling accidents or illness
Why is Agreeableness the most controversial of the big 5?
Some researchers view the trait as reflecting a persons appraoch to intellectual matters or even ones basic level of intelligence.
It also has a spotty record of replication across different samples and different cultures
Instead of the “Big 5” what do some personality psychologists want to call the main personality traits
HEXACO (6 traits)
Many traits can be reduced to a few especially important traits in which two ways?
By basing decisions on both theory and statistical approaches.
What was the discovery of the Big Five traits based on?
The lexical Hypothesis, or the idea that many words exist for important and universal aspects of life
(early researchers used dictionaries to identify the many words that are relevant to personality)
The Big Five trait of conscientiousnes includes what important facets?
Self-discipline, organization, and orderliness
Over the years of successfuly applying the three trait approaches, some psychologists have occasionally expressed misgivings about the whole enterprise, why is this?
Because what if differences between people are not just quantitative but qualitative. What if some differences between people are matters not of degree but of kind?
Muhammad Ali said that people came in 4 types, what were they?
The pomegranate , the walnut, the prune, and the grape.
Across seven different studies all around the world, Avshalon Caspi reported three different types of people, what were they?
Well-adjusted person (adaptable and felxible)
Maladjusted overcontrolling person (too uptight and deny pleasure)
Maladjusted undercontrolling person (too impulsive)
What are some facts about Avshalon Caspi’s 3 types
One analysis showed that [people classified into a particular type were likely to belong to the same type four years later.
Older peope were less likely to belong to the undercontrolled type and more likely to belong to the well-adjusted type than younger people
What is one of the post popular personality tests that is considered an ideal guide for career guidance and self-development
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
