Psychoanalysis

Question 1

What is psychoanalysis?

Answer 1

attempting to figure out what goes on in the hidden unconscious recesses of the human mind

Question 2

The goal of the psychoanalytic approach was initiated by who?

Answer 2

Sigmund Freud

Question 3

What did Freud believe about humans after experirencing the First World War?

Answer 3

That humans have an agressive and destructive urge that will destroy us all

Question 4

Freud made a fundamental discovery when practicing psychiatry, what was it?

Answer 4

that when patients talked about their psychological problems, sometimes by itself, it was enough to help of even cure them

Question 5

What methods did Freud use?

Answer 5

At first he used Hypnosis, then he started using “Free association” which is instructing the patient to say whatever came to mind (also called the TALKING CURE)

Question 6

What are two reasons why Freud believed the talking cure worked?

Answer 6

1) making thoughts and fears explicit by saying them out loud brins them into conscious where you can deal with them
2) a psychotherapist can provide support during the patients difficult task of trying to figure out whats going on

Question 7

What does the psychoanalytic approach and the humanistic approach have in common?

Answer 7

The first step in seekiong to understand others is to try to understand your own mind

Question 8

The technique developed by Frued in which patients talk about difficult topics and say whatever they think if is called what?

Answer 8

Free association

Question 9

What are the 4 ideas that make up the foundation of psychoanalysis?

Answer 9

Psychic determinism
Internal structure
Psychic conflict
Mental energy

Question 10

What is Psychic Determinism?

Answer 10

The assumption that everything that happens in a persons mind (what they think and do) has a specific cause. and many important mental processes are unconscious.

This idea leaves no room for miracles, free will, or even random accidents

Question 11

According to psychoanalytic theories, what are the three parts of the mind?

Answer 11

Id - unconscious that wants everything now
Ego - Rational part that balances Id and Superego
Superego - moral compass

Question 11

Explain the second key assumption of pychoanalysis: Internal Structure

Answer 11

The mind has an internal structure made of parts that can function independently, and in some cases conflict with each other

Question 12

Explain the third key assumption of psychoanalysis: Psychic Conflict

Answer 12

The mind is divided into parts that are in conflict with each other, and its the ego’s job to fix this.

Question 13

What is Compromise Formation

Answer 13

The main job of the ego, which is to find a compromise between the id and superego. The result of the compromise is what the individual consciously thinks and actually does

Question 14

Explain the fourth key assumption of psychoanalysis: Mental Energy

Answer 14

The apparatus of the mind needs energy to make it go. The kind of energy required is called Libido, which is sometimes called mental or psychic energy. Only a fixed and finite amount is available at any given moment
eg. energy spent doing one thing, such as pushing uncomfortable thoughts out of memory, is unavailable for other purposes

Question 15

Why is the Life drive (Libido) also referred to as the Sexual Drive?

Answer 15

Sex is simply life and its necessary for the creation of children

Question 16

What is the Death Drive?

Answer 16

Thanatos - the drive towards death and destruction. In the end, everybody dies

Question 17

What is the doctrine of opposites?

Answer 17

This doctrine states that everything requires its opposite. Lifer requires death, happpiness requires sadness, and so forth.

Question 18

When trying to understand the workings and the development of the human mind, Freud gives us advice, what is it?

Answer 18

“Follow the energy,” meaning psychic energy is both necessary and minited, so the story of where it goes tends to be the story of what is really happening

Question 19

In Freuds view, __________ ___________ is the story of how life energy (libido) becomes invested and then redireced over an individuals early years

Answer 19

Psychosexual Development

Question 20

What are the stages of psychosexual development?

Answer 20

Oral, Anal, Phallic, and Genetial

Question 21

Each stage of the psychosexual develoment has three aspects, what are they?

Answer 21

1) Physical Focus = enery is concentrated and gratification is obtained
2) Psychological theme
3) Adult character type = being fixated in that particular stage

Question 22

Describe the Oral stage of development

Answer 22

A newborn baby cant do anything well except for sucking. The mouth is the first place where psychic energy (libido) is focused. From birth to 18 months

Question 23

What is a psychological theme of the oral stage?

Answer 23

Dependency = a baby is dependant on others for everything needed to live

Question 24

What might happen if the caretakers of a baby are uncaring, incompetent, or irresponsible when taking care of a baby?

Answer 24

If this happens, a baby might develop a basic mistrust of other people and never be able to deal adequately with dependency relationships. The idea of depending on other people or being abandoned will upset them.

Question 25

What happens when a babys needs are so fulfilled instantly and automatically that it never occurs to the baby that the world could respond differently?

Answer 25

Any issue that comes up in the babys later lifre involving dependency and activity might cause anxiety

Question 26

Children who grew up to be _______ tended to have been raised by parents who were excessivly _____ or showered them with too much _______.This is why having an in-between parenting style is important.

Answer 26

Narcisists: cold: admiration

Question 27

The adult personality type that Freud thought resulted from extreme childhood experience at this state is the _____ __________. describe the two extremes.

Answer 27

Oral Character
1) independent ouls who refuse help from everyone
2) passive individuals who wait around for ships to come in and do little to better their situations