Toxoplasma + Cryptosporidium Flashcards
phylum of Cryptosporidium
Apicomplexa
false about Cryptosporidium A. only affects humans B. opportunistic C. causes water-borne diarrhea D. can be seen through acid fast stain
A
zoonotic siya
Each Cryptosporidium oocyst contains how many naked sporozoites?
4
enumerate processes of Cryptosporidium that occur in the small intestine
merogony/schizogony
gametogony
sporogony
[Cryptosporidium]
Where does merogony take place, and how many merozoites does it yield?
microvilli
[Cryptosporidium]
Water and food are contaminated with ___ oocysts
thick-walled
[Cryptosporidium]
Describe asexual cycle of reproduction.
merozoites invade other enterocytes to produce more merozoites
[Cryptosporidium]
first step of sexual cycle of reproduction
gametogony to form microgamont & macrogamont
[Cryptosporidium]
Which is true?
A. A microgamont fertilizes a macrogamont.
B. A microgamete from a macrogamont fertilizes a microgamont.
C. A microgamete from a microgamont fertilizes a macrogamont.
D. Microgamonts and macrogamonts are not formed.
C
[Cryptosporidium] Which type of oocyst causes autoinfection? A. thin-walled oocyst B. thick-walled oocyst C. both D. no auto-infection occurs
A
[Cryptosporidium] not an established mode of transmission A. hand to mouth B. handling animals C. human and animal feces contam D. injection of needles
D
[Cryptosporidium] affected in pathogenesis A. cGMP B. cAMP C. CFTR D. All of the above
B
[Cryptosporidium] stool sample of patient with this parasite is often like A. dysentery B. cholera C. EHEC D. none of the above
B
[Cryptosporidium] main site of pathogenesis A. duodenum B. ileum C. jejunum D. all of the above
A
[Cryptosporidium] other sites of pathogenesis include all except A. biliary tree B. brain C. gall bladder D. respiratory tract
B
Enumerate acid fast staining methods for Cryptosporidiun
Kinyoun
modified Ziehl-Neelsen
Auramine
specimen viewed in immunofluorescence test for Cryptosporidium
oocyst
current drug of choice for Cryptosporidium
nitazoxanide`
Which is false?
A. Wash hands before handling food/after defecation to prevent transmission of Cryptosporidium.
B. Fluid replacement (via oral or IV) may be used for treatment of Cryptosporidium.
C. both are true
C
[Toxoplasma]
only part of tachyzoite stage that is seen in light microscope
nucleus
[Toxoplasma]
shape of tachyzoite stage
piriform
[Toxoplasma]
wall of mature pseudocyst: composition
combination of host and parasitic components
[Toxoplasma]
tissue cysts are often found in the ___ of the host
muscles
[Toxoplasma]
T/F. Oocysts shed @ cat feces are infective.
F. Oocysts sporulate @ envt –> infective
[Toxoplasma]
Upon entry, oocyte undergoes ___ and enters enterocytes/mucosal cells
schizogony
[Toxoplasma]
After schizogony & entering mucosal cells, sporozoite multiplies into many merozoites. This process is called __
endodyogeny
[Toxoplasma]
Merozoites –> ___ @ definitive host
tachyzoites
[Toxoplasma] Humans are infected by eating undercooked meat of animals that have \_\_ stages. A. sporozoite B. merozoite C. bradyzoite
C
[Toxoplasma] What does the parasite form inside human host? A. tachyzoite B. bradyzoite C. tissue cyst D. all of the above
C
[Toxoplasma]
t/f
humans are definitive host
f
Family Felidae (Cats plus relatives) ang definitive host humans: intermediate host
[Toxoplasma]
enumerate most affected cells by this parasite
macrophage
dendritic cell
[Toxoplasma]
type of exanthem seen in Toxoplasma patients
typhus like (Rickettsia-like)
[Toxoplasma]
Why is chorioretinitis possible?
blindness by presence of cyst @ eye
[Toxoplasma]
What is Sabin Syndrome?
internal hydrocephalus, chorioretinitis, convulsions, cerebral calcification
[Toxoplasma]
What is Sabin-Feldman dye test?
method involving incubation of live trophozoites, and if Abs are present, cell membrane is destroyed & dye will get inside cell
[Toxoplasma]
dye @ Sabin-Feldman test
methylene blue
[Toxoplasma]
diag method @ 1st term of pregnancy
IgM ELISA
[Toxoplasma]
type of lesions seen @ brain MRI of patient with Toxoplasma
ring typical lesions
[Toxoplasma]
skin test for this parasite
Frenkel side test
[Toxoplasma]
Drugs vs Toxoplasma can lyse tissue cysts of the parasite.T/F
F
Drugs: for control only
[Toxoplasma]
two animals that have higher prevalence of positive titers for Toxoplasma antibodies
pigs and rats
[Toxoplasma]
what devt stage can be seen @ bone marrow samples
tachyzoites
[Toxoplasma]
T/F tissue cysts have bradyzoites
T
