Intro To Nematodes Flashcards
Nematode have this body cavity with no cell lining
Pseudocoelom
False about nematodes A. Unsegmented sila B. Bilaterally symmetrical C. Incomplete digestive tract D. Separate sexes only at adulthood E. Gas exchange happens via diffusion
C. Complete kasi digestive tract nila
Fluid inside pseudocoelom of nematodes, aids in movement along musculature
Hemolymph
Nematodes excrete waste thru this hole
Excretory pore
Female nematodes only have one uterus. True or false?
False, they have a pair of uteri
Glycogen is the main storage polysaccharide of nematodes. True or false?
True
Which is false? A. Male roundworms are bigger than female roundworms B. Most worms do not replicate C. Both of the above D. None of the above
A. Male roundworms are bigger than female roundworms
Baliktad!
Enumerate two specific ways to transmit soil-transmitted helminths
Ingestion of embryonated eggs
Penetration of skin
Scientific name of giant intestinal roundworm
Ascaris lumbricoides
Which is false about Ascaris lumbricoides?
A. It is endemic in the Philippines
B.it is the most common intestinal nematode
C. Adult females are ventrally curves with two spicules
D. It has a stage of lung migration, which symptoms manifest after 9-12 days
C. Adult females are ventrally curves with two spicules
Infective stage of Ascaris lumbricoides?
Embryonated egg
Diagnostic stage of Ascaris lumbricoides?
Fertilized egg
Which of the following drugs can treat infection caused by Ascaris lumbricoides? A. Albendazole B. Mebendazole C. Pyrantel pamoate D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Trichuris trichura is also known as the A. Hookworm B. Earthworm C. Whipworm D. All of the above
C. Whipworm
Adult whipworms may live at this specific part of the GI tract
Cecum (large intestine)
Infective stage of Trichuris trichura
Embryonated egg
In Trichuris trichura, what is the spicule for?
Reproduction
Striking feature of Trichuris trichura egg A. Thick wall B. Golden brown C. Bipolar plug D. All of the above
C. Bipolar plug
Which can treat infections caused by Trichuris trichura? A. Albendazole B. Mebendazole C. Both of the above D. None of the above
C. None of the above
Ascaris lumbricoides can live for how long?
1yr
Trichuris trichura can live for how long?
5 years
Enumerate three layers of nematode’s body cavity wall
Outer cuticle
Hypodermis
Musculature
True or false. Male germ cells develop in spicules (for hookworms)
False. Testis pa rin.
Components of nematodes’ nervous system: enumerate
Papillae
Amphids (anterior)
Phasmids (posterior)
Can nematodes produce their own lipids?
No
Which nematodes transmit infection via ingestion of embryonated eggs?
Ascaris lumbricoides
Trichuris trichuria
Which nematodes transmit infection via penetration of skin?
Hookworm
Strongyloides stercoralis
Sequence these steps of Ascaris life cycle
A)worm penetrates blood vessels
B)fertilized eggs in feces become embryonated
C)worm goes into lung migration
D)worm goes to trachea then esophagus
E)embryonated eggs are swallowed
F)worm at intestine as adult (if female, lays eggs)
G)embryonated eggs hatch
B E G A C D F B
Pulmonary symptoms only manifest 9-12 days after egg ingestion, true or false?
True
Fertilized Ascaris eggs have mammilations and refractive granules; they are also decorticate and with thick shell. True or false?
False. Unfertilized dapat. Fertilized ones have dividing cell mass
Which is false?
A. Trichuris esophagus at anterior 3/5
B. GI, GU tract at posterior 2/5
C. Adults live in rectum
C. Adults live in rectum
Cecum and ascending colon dapat
Sequence these steps of Ascaris life cycle
A) eggs become embryonated & infective
B)unembryonated eggs passed at stool
C) advance cleavage stage at soil
D) 2 cell stage
E)embryonated eggs are swallowed
F)adult egg lie in cecum/ascending colon, lay eggs
G)embryonated eggs hatches at small intestine
B C D A E G F B
When does the Trichuris female begin to deposit eggs?
60-70 days after infection
Purpose of Kato Thick smear
If positive/negative infection
Kato-Katz purpose
Quantify burden of parasites
