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PH 172 > Plasmodium > Flashcards

Plasmodium Flashcards

1
Q

most important parasitic disease

A

malaria

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2
Q

What stages are inoculated when the mosquito

bites human.?

A

sporozoite

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3
Q

process where Plasmodium divides

into many merozoites; where does this happen?

A

schizogony

liver cells

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4
Q

some
of the sporozoites remain as schizonts in the liver cell;
do not undergo schizogony; what is this stage called?

A

hypnozoite

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5
Q

Which Plasmodium species have hypnozoite stage?

A

Ovale

Vivax

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6
Q

differentiate Plasmodium microgametocyte fr macrogametocyte

A

micro: male
macro: female

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7
Q

What completes gametogenesis of gametocyte?

A

Anopheles mosquitoes bite infected humans,

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8
Q

Plasmodium: undergoes
fertilization to produce a/an ___ in the midgut of
the mosquito.

A

ookinete

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9
Q

Some of the merozoites released do not invade RBC;

but develop into the __ stages

A

gametocyte

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10
Q

definitive host of Plasmodium

A

Anopheles mosquito

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11
Q

DNA Structure that is origin of flagellum

A

kinetoplast

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12
Q

What completes gametogenesis of Plasmodium?

A

mosquito bite

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13
Q

What happens to the microgametocyte prior to gametogenesis?

A

microgametocyte exflagellates

macrogam

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14
Q

Ookinete –> sporogony –> sporozoites go to ____ of mosquito

A

salivary glands

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15
Q 
which is not an established mode of transmission for malaria
A. congenital
B. insect bite
C. orofecal
D. blood transfusion
A

C

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16
Q

Why are thin blood smears used for malaria?

A

RBCs far apart –> clearly see ring forms/trophozoites

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17
Q

Why are schizonts of P.falciparum rarely seen?

A

hiding at brain’s blood vessels

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18
Q

number of merozoites in P.falci schizont (range)

A

8-32

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19
Q

ring forms that are attached at RBC edge (for P.falci)

A

accole and applique

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20
Q

Ring form and trophozoite of P.vivax are the same. T/F

A

F

Sa P.falci yun

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21
Q 
most commonly seen P.vivax devt stage @ thin blood smear
A. schizont
B. trophozoite
C. gametocyte
D. ring form
A

B

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22
Q

eosinophilic granules present @ cytoplasm of P.vivax: identify

A

Schuffner’s dots

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23
Q 
False about P.vivax
A. chromatin: smaller than P.falci
B. schizont can cause relapse
C. causes RBC enlargement
D. less virulent than P.falci
A

A

bigger dapat

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24
Q

characteristic presentation of P.malariae schizont

A

rosette formation

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25
characteristic presentation of P.malariae trophozoite
band form
26
T/F | P.malariae causes RBC enlargement
F
27
``` Which is not a similarity bet P.vivax and P.ovale? A. Schuffner's dots B. Rosette formation C. Enlarged RBCs D. Hypnozoite stage ```
B
28
Mosquito vector in PHL that transmits malaria
Anopheles flavisrostris
29
One of the prodromal symptoms of malaria is lasstude. What is lassitude?
walang gana
30
Malaria paroxysyms: what is the sequence
chills the fever then sweating
31
malaria paroxysyms are assoc with what part of life cycle?
schizogony
32
ideal time to collect blood for malaria
during fever
33
chills/cold stage: pathophysio behind mild shivering??
muscle contractions that produce heat to increase temp
34
Why can't malarial fever be sustained by the body for a long time?
proteins and multiplying cells may be destroyed
35
periodicity and type of malaria, P.falci
36-48hrs | malignant tertian
36
periodicity and type of malaria, P.vivax
48hrs | benign tertian
37
periodicity and type of malaria, P.malariae
72 hours | benign quartan
38
periodicity and type of malaria, P.ovale
48 hours | benign tertian
39
most malarious province in PHL
Palawan
40
[Pathogenesis of Plasmodium] What is Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein 1?
makes adhesion more effective
41
[Pathogenesis of Plasmodium] Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein & rosettins complex with ___
intercellular adhesion molecule
42
[Pathogenesis of Plasmodium] cytokine produced by macrophages assoc with fever
Tumor Necrosis Factor
43
cytoadherence of Plasmodium to vital organs causes anoxia, due to what phenomenon?
obstruction of blood flow
44
In what Plasmodium species is there pulmonary edema? | What happens exactly?
Plasmodium falciparum | excess fluid @ alveoli
45
macroscopic hemoglobinuria @ malaria - describe
bloody to black urine
46
hyperprexia @ malaria - describe
rectal temp is greater than 40 degC
47
acidosis @ malaria - describe
glucose not converted to carbon dioxide but to lactate
48
only endemic areas of malaria in the PHL: enumerate
Southern Palawan, Tawi-tawi, Sulu, Basilan
49
most successful intervention for malaria @ Visayas but banned bc of harmful effects
DDT Spraying
50
kind of breeding water of Anopheles mosquito
clean, shaded, slow running water
51
malarial incidence is higher @ post-rainy season for high altitude areas
water becomes fast-flowing --> not conducive for breeding --> larvae bought to sea --> larvae die
52
What equipment in rapid diagnostic test is used to detect P.falciparum?
parachip
53
Enumerate possibly detected antigens @ rapid diag test. Which can cause cytoadherence?
Histidine rich protein (causes cytoadherence) | Parasite lactate dehydrogenase
54
in rapid diagnostic test, this technique is used to show positive band in the reactive site
immunochromatography
55
gold standard for malarial diagnosis
thin and thic blood smear
56
kind of blood smear used to identify species
thin blood smear
57
kind of blood smear used to identify positive fr negative
thick blood smear
58
in quantitative buffy coat: enumerate layers fr top to bottom
serum plasma buffy coat RBCs
59
stain used in qty buffy coat
Acridine orange stain
60
serologic diagnosis of malaria is used to measure___?
period prevalence
61
T/F. PCR is used to diagnose malaria.
F | PCR used to monitor drug resistance
62
drug treatment that is only for P.falciparum
artemether-lumefantrine
63
T/F Mass treatment works for malarial control.
F. bc drug resistaance
64
drugs used for malarial chemoprophy
Doxycycline & Mefloquine
65
3 strategies of global fund proj for malaria
Early diagnosis Insecticide treated nets Indoor residual spraying
66
T/F | Larvae of Anopheles get killed upon sunlight exposure.
T

PH 172 (25 decks)

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