Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography > Tourism 3 > Flashcards

Tourism 3 Flashcards

covers sustainability and how to achieve it.

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

characteristics of natural heritage

A
  • natural features, geographical formations + natural beauty
    or
  • habitat of threatened species
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how to guarantee tourism sustainability

A
  • balance 3 sustainabilities
  • don’t overfocus on one
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how can tourism development ensure economic sustainability

A
  • continuously providing employment opportunties (stable income, job)
  • increase no. of social services

MAIN STAKEHOLDER: GOVT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how to continual provision of employment opportunities in tourism?

A

skills training offered
- ensure career progression, income growth
- provide seasonally employed local with greater variety of skills

MAIN STAKEHOLDER: GOVT.

when seasonally employed have more skills, when they aren’t doing their tourism job (i.e. ski resort on summer) they can do other jobs for a living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how to increase provision of social services -> raise standard of living for locals?

A
  • tourism revenue -> build schools, clinics
  • education lets locals seek better employment + income

MAIN STAKEHOLDER: GOVT

essentially try to build stuff to meet needs of locals and allow them to seek better employment themselves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

guidelines to follow, have social sustainable tourism development

A
  • respect authencity of locals, cultural practices, art forms
  • intercultural understanding, tolerance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

why must respect authenticity of local comm., practices, art forms?

A
  • practices, art forms remain meaningful, significant
  • disrespect = strife, conflict

LINK
strife btween locals n tourists -> increased crime rates, increased antitourism sentiments

practices, art forms will only be signifcant if authenticity respected. If not, commodification can happen, exploitation can happen where locals forced to cater to tourists’ needs for income

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how to respect authencity of local comm., practices, art forms?

A
  • sensitively develop visitor attractions
  • tour guides advise tourists to respectfully interact w/ locals

MAIN STAKEHOLDER: Govt, tour agencies, tourists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

why must contribute to intercultural understanding, tolerance?

A
  • local cultures stay meaningful, preserved
  • better appreciate each other culture
  • attract more tourist that follow this norm

This is different from respecting authencity of local comm, practices, art forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how to tourism development env. sus

A
  • maintain essential ecological process
  • conserve natural heritage, protect biodiversity

LINK
- natural features, geographical formations + natural beauty
or
- habitat of threatened species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

why must maintain essential ecological processes?

A
  • ecological processes provide ecosystem services (i.e. air quality regulation)
  • meet present, future demands of people
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are ecological processes

A
  • biological, physical, chemical processes that sustain ecological systems
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how to maintain essential ecological processes in tourism

A
  • stakeholders destination region minimise deforestation
  • maintain ecological processes, ecosytem services

MAIN STAKEHOLDER: ALL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how to conserve natural heritage, biodiversity?

A

establish protected areas (national parks)
- protect from illegal poaching
- manage tourist numbers, waste
- conserve natural beauty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is greenwashing

A

phenomena where
- company make ppl believe they do more for environment than they actually do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is carbon-neutral?

A
  • where greenhouse gas emissions of 1 stakeholder reduced/avoided
  • remaining co2 compensate with carbon credits

carbon credits (NOT IN TB NO NEED MEMO):
- basically a fee to pay off to use certain amount of carbon dioxide
- fees used to offset co2 with trees e.g.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how do stakeholders influence sustainable tourism development?

A
  • stakeholders need to work tgt, have a say, reach a common consensus
  • have common understanding of what sustainable tourism development is
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how do govt. influence sustainable tourism development?

A
  • establish policies, create plans
  • enforce regulations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

local

how does govt. establish policies and create plans for sustainable tourism development?

A
  • set up policies where all other stakeholders must follow
  • ensure minimum damage maximum benefits to locals

LINK
- stakeholders need to work tgt, have a say, reach a common consensus

  • have common understanding of what sustainable tourism development is

can use these 2 points above as well. This applies to all stakeholders.

E.g.: Govt needs to consult locals before implementing their policies (giving locals a say)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how, why does government enforce regulations for sust tourism dev?

A
  • enforce regulation on types of tourism activity
  • ensure policies, plans adhered to

LINK TO SS
SS: Legislation passes out the law, Executive enforce regulation to make sure ppl follow law.

Geog: Govt. set up policies, govt. enforce regulation to make sure ppl follow policies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How is the effectiveness of government limited?

A

poor enforcement e.g. decision to prioritise economic development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

3 cases where there will be poor enforcement of regulations for sustainable development in tourism?

A
  • govt lack rescources
  • govt corrupted
  • govt political influences:

they never enforce regulation properly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

why does putting economic development first hinder sustainable development?

A
  • social, env sustainability neglected
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are IGOs?

A

govermental organisations

opposite of NGOs that are non govt. organisations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

how do IGOs and NGOs influence sustainable tourism development?

A

help countries, achieve w/ knowledge finance expertise
- financial assistance
- raise public awareness on -> sustainable tourism development -> more contribute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

international organisations: IGOs/NGOs

how does internal organisations help locals w/ achieve sustainable tourism development

A
  • marketing plans w/ villagers
  • skills taught (i.e. handicraft)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

how does internal organisations help countries w/ financial assistance

A
  • financial aid, small facilities development (i.e. toilet)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

how is effectiveness of international organisations reduced?

A
  • lack of understanding, local contexts
  • lack, funding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

why does international organisations have lack of understanding of local contexts? what are the consequences?

A
  • ppl from international organisations, come from diff. places
  • diff. perspective from locals
  • disagreements due to diff. perspective
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

why does international organisations have lack of funding? what are the consequences?

A
  • many nonprofit
  • plans hindered
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

why will businesses want to sustainably develop tourist areas?

A
  • sustainable tourism = profitable
  • e.g. keep env. clean = most tourist
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

how can businesses influence sustainable tourism development?

A
  • seek advice, other stakeholders
  • participate, decision making
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what are the limitations of sustainable tourism development for businesses?

A
  • survive, compromise sustainable practices
  • different understanding sustainability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

why, how businesses compromise on sustainable practices?

A
  • businesses priority: profit > sustainability
    lead to
  • rescources exploit
  • pollution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what are the consequences of businesses having different understanding, ways of measuring sustainability?

A
  • greenwashing
  • even if they nvr practice sustainability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

same as business

how can locals help with sustainable tourism?

A
  • seek advice, other stakeholders
  • participate in decision making
37
Q

what does locals participating in decision making cause?

A
  • locals suggests ways, minimise harm, nature
  • e.g. CBT
38
Q

why and how does locals seek advice, other stakeholders

A

why
- locals, no knowledge, expertise seek advice, govt, IGOs, NGOs
how
- adapt tried, tested methods
- protect env.

39
Q

limitations of locals practicing sustainable tourism

A
  • lack financial, technical assistance
  • prioritise economic benefits
40
Q

why does locals lack financial, technical assistance

A
  • no info, how2get finances, technical assistance
41
Q

why locals decide economic dev > sustainability

A

higher income, support families > sustainability

LINK
no info on how to get finances, technical assistance

because of this they lack finances and stuff so they will prioritise it

42
Q

how can tourists practice sustainable tourism?

A
  • genuine interest, tourist destination + culture
  • interact responsibly w/ environment, ppl
43
Q

how can tourists genuine interest, tourist destination + culture

A
  • choose tours, prioritise sustainable tourism
  • involve in env. conservation
44
Q

how does tourists interact responsbly w/ environment, ppl

A
  • read up on local practices, cultures, show respect to customs
45
Q

limitations of tourists trying to practice sustainable tourism

A
  • some options out of budget
  • lack of clear info
46
Q

what is the consequence for tourists when there is a lack of clear info about sustainable tourism

A

Consequence
- confusion on whether business is truly sustainable

LINK
businesses having different understanding, ways of measuring sustainability

47
Q

other challenges faced by all stakeholders in sustainable tourism development

A
  • understanding sustainability varies based on place -> conflict, ideas
  • varying degrees, powers, influence -> more “say” over final decision, override other stakeholder’s opinion
  • diffferent priorities
  • economic, social, env. tradeoffs needed
48
Q

define micro-finance

A

banking service provided -> unemployed, low-income individuals/no access to financial services

49
Q

characteristics of ecotourism

A
  • form, sustainable tourism
  • often take place in scenic natural areas
  • allows tourists experience nature
50
Q

what is ecotourism’s main aim

A
  • conserve natural env., benefit local community

to achieve 3 sustainability

51
Q

strategies to achieve aims of ecotourism

A
  • educate, increase tourists’ appreciation
  • put in place measures, minimise negative impacts on env.
52
Q

how does e___, i___ t__ a___ accomplish aims of ecotourism?

A

educate, increase tourists’ appreciation
- tours take place -> natural areas
- experience, interact 1st hand
- encourage -> take action, conserve

53
Q

same as eco (2)

how does m___, r__ n__ i__ o__ e__ achieve aims of CBT?

rev nue

A

measures, reduce neg. impacts -> env.
- tourism revenue -> conservation (e.g. hire park rangers)
- laws -> protect env, minimise dmg

54
Q

differences between hard ecotourism and soft ecotourism

A
  • commitment to env. conservation
  • number of tourists
  • services provided
  • level of physical comfort
  • suppliers
55
Q

hard vs soft ecotourism commitment to environmental conservation

A

hard
- stronger

soft
- moderate

56
Q

hard vs soft ecotourism number of services provided and comfort level

A

hard
- few/no services
- more physically challenging
soft
- services provided
- more comfortable

57
Q

who supplies soft ecotourism? who supplies hard ecotourism?

A

soft
mass market tour operators

hard
specialist tour operators/tourists themselves

58
Q

limitations of ecotourism

A

uncertainty:
- over continuity of efforts (conserve nature)
- over local communities’ involvement

continuity
- tourists interacting w/ env -> destroy env, sought to protect
- earn profits = compromise

59
Q

does ecotours work when it is popular? why?

A

no
- many tourists, interact w/ env -> destroy env. sought to protect
- earn profits = compromise

LINK
uncertainty over continuity of efforts

especially when tours popular,
urge to earn more revenue is very strong

60
Q

why may ecotourism not benefit locals that much after all?

A
  • esp. if locals no skills, knowledge
  • esp. if authority no measures -> train locals
  • manpower -> meet needs for tourists -> foreign manpower
  • minimum benefits to local comm.

foreigners take away jobs -> resentment (from SS)

61
Q

What is CBT?

A

community-based tourism
- small-scale, local comm. manage
- maximise local comm. involvement + benefits
- homestays, agricultural tourism

aims
- sustainablilty
- maximise local comm. involvement + benefits

62
Q

some strategies used to achieve aims of CBT

A
  • encourage participate -> decision-making, tourism development (local comm.)
  • measures -> increase economic, social benefits (local comm.)
  • educate, increase tourists’ appreciation -> local cultures, protection of env.

ecotourism and CBT both uses education and some form of measures

63
Q

how does e___ p___ -> d___-m___, t___ d___ (l__ c__) achieve aims of CBT

A

encourage participate -> decision-making, tourism development (local comm.)

  • local comm. more knowledge -> soc env eco needs
  • decisions made tgt w/ locals -> need met sustainable way
  • support, involvement -> tourism industry
  • env. protected, attract tourists

always link back to sust. n CBT aims

aims of CBT
- sustainable
- maximise local comm. involvement

64
Q

how does p__ i__ p___ m__, i__ e___, s___ b__ (l__ c__) achieve aims of CBT

A

put in place measures, increase economic, social benefits (local comm.)

Economic:
encourage: locals setup businesses offer tourism experiences/cater -> need of tourist -> provide employment, less economic leakage

example local farmers in agriculture tourism, gain income -> tourist participate in activities (e.g. harvesting crops) / buy local produce

Social:
revenue used for building -> schools, hospitals -> social well being

always link back to sust. n CBT aims

aims of CBT
- sustainable
- maximise local comm. involvement

Farm Tomita, Hokkaido
- many merch shops, local farmers farming in public (cater to tourists needs)
- local ppl employed as shopkeeper (employment)
- sell lavender that they grow (local produce)
- tour arnd farm req. $$ (activities)
- govt. may use all the funds -> (build more sch, hosp -> social well being)

65
Q

how does e__, i___ t__’s a___, l___ c___ + p___ o__ e__

A

educate, increase tourists’ appreciation, local cultures + protection of env.
- promote interactions, tourists <-> locals
- promote respect -> local culture, protect env.

66
Q

Limitations of CBT

A
  • loss, culture
  • competition w/ large-scale tourism development
67
Q

how does l__, c___ happen? why is it a limitation of CBT?

A

loss, culture

  • insufficient measures + experiences offered not in line w/ local’s culture (i.e. add comfortable beds -> local yurts) commodification, culture
  • lose authenticity

always link back to sust.

68
Q

why is c_ w_ l_ -s_ t_ d_ limitation of CBT?

A

competition w/ large-scale tourism development
local comm:
- lack necessary skillz, finances -> cant develop industry (i.e. advertising, how startup industry from scratch??)
- difficulties -> communicate w/ tourist

  • large-scale tourism: none of these problems -> more tourist
69
Q

what is PPT sustainable tourism

A

pro-poor tourism
- improve livelihoods, get net benefits, well-being (poor) -> training, microfinance

aims
- sustainable
- improve livelihoods, get net benefits, well being (poor)

strategies
increase access -> microfinance

70
Q

strategies of PPT

A
  • training
  • increase access -> microfinance

aims
- sustainable
- improve livelihoods, get net benefits, well being (poor)

strategies
training
increase access -> microfinance

71
Q

how does t___ help aims of pro-poor tourism?

A
  • locals, learn new skillz -> employment (tourism industry)

aims
- sustainable
- improve livelihoods, get net benefits, well being (poor)

strategies
training
increase access -> microfinance

72
Q

how does i__ a__ -> m___ help aims of pro-poor tourism?

A
  • poor -> finances, startup businesses -> tourism industry
  • communication materials -> locals understand how apply microfinance

aims
- sustainable
- improve livelihoods, get net benefits, well being (poor)

strategies
training
increase access -> microfinance

73
Q

can CBT and ecotourism be classified under PPT as well?

A

yes
- as long as focus -> benefit poor

i.e. ecotourism proj. -> give majority benefit -> poor

aims
- sustainable
- improve livelihoods, get net benefits, well being (poor)

strategies
training
increase access -> microfinance

74
Q

limitation of PPT

A
  1. direct investment -> social services reduce poverty better
  2. uneven distribtution -> econ. benefits

aims
- sustainable
- improve livelihoods, get net benefits, well being (poor)

75
Q

how does d__ i__ -> s__ s__ r__ p__ b__ hinder aims of PPT

A

direct investment -> social services reduce poverty better
- lack of self-confidence -> undergo training/how2usemicrofinance???

  • better invest social services -> directly provide benefits (e.g. healthcare)

aims
- sustainable
- improve livelihoods, get net benefits, well being (poor)

strategies
training
increase access -> microfinance

76
Q

why is there u_ d_ -> e_ b_? how does it hinder PPT?

A

**non-poor locals **
- authority, banks see as more reliable -> give more micro-finance

  • dominate training, employment (more finance, skillz)
  • poor livelihoods not improve, margin <-> non-poor, poor increases

aims
- sustainable
- improve livelihoods, get net benefits, well being (poor)

microfinance
banking service provided -> unemployed, low-income individuals/no access to financial services

strategies
training
increase access -> microfinance

77
Q

define tourism production

A

natural, cultural, manmade rescoures used for dest. region tourism

natural -> env.
cultural -> social
manmade -> econ. (factories)

covers all 3 aspect of sust.

78
Q

define tourism consumption

A

use, tourism products -> tourists

tourism products

ANYTHING -> for tourism

79
Q

3 criteria for sustainable tourism

A
  • sustainable tourist production,
  • consumption
  • equal, fair distribution -> benefits
80
Q

when is sustainable tourist production achieve?

A
  • demand < supply for rescources (ecosystem services)
  • stakeholders -> long-term, coordinated approach, (give up prioritising profit)

3 criteria for sustainable tourism
- sustainable tourist production,
- consumption
- equal, fair distribution -> benefits

81
Q

how does d_ < s_ f_ r_ (e_ s_) lead to sustainable tourism p___

A

demand < supply for rescources (ecosystem services) -> sustainable tourism production

  • never deplete ecosystem services rescources -> rescource (tourist industry/local living)

always link to rescources for production

82
Q

how does s_ -> l_-t_, c_ a_, (g_ u_ p__ p__) lead to sustainable tourism p__

A

stakeholders -> long-term, coordinated approach, (give up prioritising profit) -> sustainable tourism production

  • plans carbon-neutral
  • plans conserve -> demand < supply for rescources (ecosystem services)

always link to rescources for production

italisized part is other sustainable tourism production criteria

83
Q

how to achieve sustainable tourism consumption?

A
  • destination regions limit no. of tourists
  • tourist practice, support sustainablity
  • policies never compromise + include local comm.

tourism products

ANYTHING -> for tourism

3 aims, achieve sustainable tourism
- sustainable tourist production,
- consumption
- equal, fair distribution -> benefits

84
Q

how does d_ r__ l__ n__ o__ t__ -> sustainable tourism c___

A

destination regions limit no. of tourists -> sustainable tourism consumption
- carrying cap. of destination region not exceed -> less env. DMG

LINK
Butler’s Model of Tourism

when carrying cap. exceeds, stagnation -> decline -> not econ. sust.

85
Q

how does t__ p_, s__ s_ -> sustainable tourism c__

A

tourist practice, support sustainability -> sustainable tourism consumption
- support sustainable dest. regions, accomodations, tour services w/ low co2 footprint, local comm. involvement

  • practice sustainablilty (energy, water, purchase local produce)
86
Q

how does p__ n__ c_ + i__ l__ c__ lead to sustainable tourism c__

A

policies never compromise + include local comm. -> sustainable tourism consumption

local comm…
not compromised (rules, regulation)
- cultural preservation

included planning, implementing policies
- meet needs, local comm.
- still meet need -> tourist

87
Q

how to achieve equal, fair distribution of benefits?

A
  • effective tourism managment
  • minimise compromise, between 3 sustainabilities, aim win-win

3 criteria for sust. tourism development
- sustainable tourist production,
- consumption
- equal, fair distribution, benefits

88
Q

how does e__ t__ m__ ensure e__, f__ d__, b__

A

effective tourism managment -> equal, fair distribution, benefits
- prevent unequal, unfair distribution -> tension, less support btwn stakeholders

equal, fair distribution, benefits
- effective tourism managment
- minimise compromise, between 3 sustainabilities, aim win-win

89
Q

how does m__ c__, b__ 3 s__, a__ w__-w__, e__ f__ d__ b__ ensure f__ d__ b_?

A

minimise compromise, between 3 sustainabilities, aim win-win, ensure fair distribution benefits
- prevent worsening of difficult negotiations

i.e. difficult negotiation between hotel owner and local

Hotel owner wants econ. sustainability, local wants social sustainability

If we can do both sustainability 2 sume extent, then itll be better

Geography (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions