Topography of the Brain Flashcards
superficial and deep veins of the brain drain into what?
venous sinuses
where do the venous sinuses lie
between 2 layers of dura mater
the dural venous sinuses join together to ultimately drain into the
internal jugular veins
white matter contains
myelinated axons
grey matter contains
neuronal cell bodies
tracts are essentially
fibre pathways passing through the CNS carrying a specific modality
ventricles are ….. within the brain
spaces
what lies within the cerebral hemispheres?
lateral ventricles
what lies within the diencephalon?
3rd ventricle
thalamus
hypothalamus
ventral thalamus
epithalamus
within the midbrain lies the ……. ……..
cerebral aqueduct
between the pons and medulla (in front) and the cerebellum (at the back) lies the… ……
4th ventricle
between what two layers does the CSF lie?
pia mater
arachnoid mater
where is CSF formed?
choroid plexus in each ventricle
where is CSF found in the brain?
ventricles
where is CSF absorbed?
by arachnoid villi into the sagittal sinus
4 main arteries that supply the brain
2 internal carotid arteries
two vertebral arteries
what are the vertebral arteries branches of?
subclavian
the circle of willis is a protective feature against
vast occlusion of large arteries
the two vertebral arteries join together to form the
basilar artery
the vertebro-basilar system gives branches that supply what two structures?
brainstem and cerebellum
the two posterior cerebral arteries supply which part of the brain?
posterior part of the cerebral hemispheres
the venous sinuses lie between what in the brain?
2 layers of dura mater
the dural venous sinuses join together to drain into the
internal jugular veins
the neural tube develops from the
dorsal surface ectoderm
what cranial nerves are found in the brainstem?
CN III - XII
3 main parts of the brainstem
pons
medulla
midbrain
medulla oblongata cavity is the ….
4th ventricle
2 main surface features of the medulla are:
pyramids
olives
medulla is connected to the cerebellum by what?
inferior cerebellar peduncle
what is posterior to the pons?
4th ventricle
what cranial nerves originate from the surface of the pons?
CN V, VI, VII, VIII
what cranial nerves originate from the medulla?
CN IX, X, XI, XII
the mid brain develops from which embryological structure?
mesencephalon
central cavity of the midbrain is the
cerebral aqueduct
surface features of the pons
1
middle cerebellar peduncle
cranial nerves that originate from the midbrain
CN III and VI
oculomotor and trochlear
right and left hemisphere of the cerebellum is separated by what?
vermis
the diencephalon lies around which ventricle?
3rd
Thalamus mainly contains groups of …..
nuclei
thalamus is a sensory …… station
relay
hypothalamus is separated from the thalamus by the
hypothalamic sulcus
the cerebellum coordinates
movements
where is CSF made?
choroid plexus in the ventricles
the corpus callosum connects what?
the two hemispheres
what does the prefrontal cortex mediate?
cognitive functions of higher order
intellect, judgement, prediction, planning
temporal lobe of the brain is in charge of what?
hearing and smell
wernickes area is crucial in understanding
the spoken word
language area
occipital lobe is in charge of
vision
limbic lobe (in the medial aspect of the cerebral hemisphere) is in charge of
memory and emotional aspects of behaviour
aphasia
problems with speech
damage to a speech area in the brain
broca’s area is the …… …….. area
motor speech
broca’s asphasia
understands speech
misses small words ‘walk dog’
KEVIN IN THE OFFICEC
werncikes asphasia
fluent speech but words/sentences dont make sense
they dont know theyre making mistakes
broca’s asphasia is damage to what lobe?
frontal
werncikes asphasia is damage to what lobe?
temporal
what are the three types of myelinated axon fibres bundles into tracts
commisural
association
projection
association fibres connect
one part of the cortex with another
commisural fibres connect the
corresponding areas of the two hemispheres
CORPUS CALLOSUM
projection fibres run between the
cerebral cortex and various subcortical centres
the internal capsule is made up of projection fibres passing to and from the
cerebral cortex
internal capsule lies between what two structures?
thalamus and caudate nucleus (medially)
lentiform nucleus (laterally)
basal ganglia is a collection of
neuronal cell bodies
grey matter
cerebral hemispheres has outer ….. matter and inner ….. matter
grey
white
