Topical Antibacterials Flashcards
What are the uses for topical antibacterials?
Prevent infection in fresh wounds
Early treatment of superficial infections
Reduce colonization of nares
Acne
What is bactracin and gramicidin used for?
Gram +. anaerobic coci, nesseriae, tetanus bacilli, diptheria bacilli
What are the bactracin products?
bacitracin alone or in combo with neomycin polymyxin B
OTC
What are common pathogens in skin infections?
GAS,. S. aureus
What is bacitracin opthalmic ointment?
RX only
What is gramicidin?
rx combo with neomycin, polymyxin B for opthalmic use
What is mupirocin?
bactroban, centany
What is the spectrum of mupirocin?
gram + including MRSA
What is the patho of mupirocin?
Binds bacterial isoleucyl transfer-RNA synthetase preventing protein synthesis
How do you get mupirocin?
Rx only
Cream, ointment, nasal ointment
What are the uses for mupirocin?
Intranasal – eradication of MRSA; general prophylaxis in patients with recurrent nasal tract infections BID x 5 days
Cream – traumatic skin lesions containing S. aureus, S. pyogenes TID x 10 days
Ointment – impetigo due to S. aureus, S. pyogenes TID x 3-5 days
What is retapamulin?
altabax
What is the spectrum for retapamulin?
group A β-hemolytic strep and S. aureus (NOT MRSA)
What does retapamulin do?
binds ribosomal 50S subunit
What does mupirocin treat that is key?
MRSA
What is the use for retapamulin?
impetigo BID x 5 days
What does polymyxin B sulfate do?
increase permeability of cell wall
What is the spectrum of polymyxin B sulfate?
Gram -
proteus, serratia, gram + are resistant
What is the use of polymyxin B sulfate?
Injection: serious infections resistant to less toxic drugs; drug of choice for P. aeruginosa infection of blood, urinary tract, meninges when susceptible
Nephrotoxic, neurotoxic
Topical in combo with bacitracin +/- neomycin for first aid
What does neomycin and gentamicin cover?
gram -
Gent is good for?
pseudomonas but is resistant
What one has sensitivity issues? Neomycin or Gentamicin
neomycin
