Drug Eruptions Flashcards
What is ACDR?
adverse cutaneous drug reactions
What is ACDR most common at?
skin
What is the etiology of ACDR?
immunologic, nonimmunologic, idiosyncratic
Who is at high risk of ACDR?
women, elderly, immunocompromised, number of drugs
What are common drugs that you can have reaction to?
Penicillins Aminopenicillins Sulfonamides Cephalosporins Packed RBCs NSAIDS Tetracyclines Fluoroquinolones Anticonvulsants Allopurinol
What is the most common drug reaction?
exanthematous drug reactions
When do you get a EDR?
4-14 days after starting meds
What can cause EDR?
any drug, pcn, carbamazepine, allopurinol
Does EDR have systemic involvement?
its low
What is the clinical presenation of EDR?
pruritis, low grade fever erythematous macules/papules = confluent, sheet like symmetrical trunk and extremities no mucosal involvement worse before it gets better
What is the treatment for EDR?
supportive, oral antihistamines, steroids (Oral vs IV vs Topical)
What is AGEP?
acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis
How many cases of AGEP are there a year?
1-5 cases/million
When is the onset of AGEP?
1-3 weeks after drug administration
What is AGEP associated with?
fever, leukocytosis
How does AGEP present?
diffuse, edematous erythema starts in folds and face
How does fixed drug reaction present?
solitary erythematous patch or plaque +/- pruritic painful burning
When is the onset of fixed drug reactions?
30 min 8 hrs after drug ingestation
How do you treat fixed drug reaction?
stop the drug, +/- steroids, ABX
What is DRESS?
drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic syndrome
What is the clinical presentation of DRESS?
fever, malaise, facial edema, affects liver, heart, lungs, joints, muscules
What is the onset of DRESS?
2-6 wks after drug ingestion
antielipetics and sulfonamides
What do the lesions look like in DRESS?
morbiliform eruption to exfoliative dermatitis
face, upper trunk, extremities
What is the treatment of DRESS?
glucocorticoids
When does warfarin induced cutaneous necorsis occur?
3-5 days after initiation
What are the lesions like in warfarin necrosis?
petechiae to ecchymosis to hemoorrhagic infarcts to necrosis
areas high in subq fat
What are common medications for warfarin necrosis?
heparin, interferon alpha
