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Dermatology - Clinical Medicine IV > Fungal Skin Infections > Flashcards

Fungal Skin Infections Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What are all the skin infections?

A 
tinea capitis (ringworm of the scalp)
tinea corporis (ringworm of glabrous skin)
tinea cruris (ringworm of the groin)
tinea unguium or onychomycosis (ringworm of the nail)
tinea pedis (ringworm of the feet)
tinea barbae (ringworm of the beard)
tinea manuum (ringworm of the hand)
tinea versicolor 
Candidiasis
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2
Q

What is ringworm of scalp?

A

tinea capitis

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3
Q

What is ringworm of glabrous skin?

A

tinea corporis

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4
Q

What is ringworm in groin?

A

tinea cruris

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5
Q

What is ringworm of nail?

A

tinea unguium or onychomycosis

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6
Q

What is ringworm of the feet?

A

tinea pedis

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7
Q

What is ringworm of the beard?

A

tinea barbae

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8
Q

What is ringworm of the hand?

A

tinea manuum

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9
Q

What is Superficial fungal infection of the skin of the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes, with a propensity for attacking hair shafts and follicles?

A

tinea capitus

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10
Q

What causes this?

A

dermatophytes

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11
Q

What are the three genres?

A

microsporum, trichophyton, epidermophyton

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12
Q

What is the dx for dermatophytes?

A

KOH mount, see branching hyphae

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13
Q

What else can you use to dx dermatophytes?

A

cultures - take long time

wood’s lamps

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14
Q

Where do dermatophytes survive?

A

keratin, hair, nails

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15
Q

Who gets tinea capitus?

A

children 3-10 yo

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16
Q

What is the cause of tinea capitus?

A

trichophyton tonsurans

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17
Q

How do you get tinea capitus?

A

person to person contact, orangism is viable on contaminated brushes, combs, sheets

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18
Q

What is the presentation of tinea capitus?

A

non-inflammatory- patches of alopecia, scaling

Inflammatory - granulomatus, boggy mass

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19
Q

How does tinea capitus progress?

A

red papules –> grayish ring –> pustules –> debris –> alopecia

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20
Q

How do you dx tinea capitus?

A

KOH mount, wood lamp (the most common does not fluorescence), cultures (2 wk to identify)

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21
Q

What is the tx for tinea capitus?

A

Griseofluvin 20-25 mg/kg/d for 6-8 wks
Itraconazole 3-5 mg/kg/d with a full meal for 4-6 wks
terbinafine 3-6 mg/kg/d for approximately 2-4 weeks
Selenium sulfide shampoo

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22
Q

How does selenium sulfide shampoo help with tinea capitus?

A

reduces viable spores, reduce spreading

23
Q

What does tinea corporis look like?

A

annular lesions, scaly ring like, advances elevated borders, central clearing, deep inflammatory lesion

24
Q

What causes tinea corporis?

A

zoophilic or geophilic dermatophytes

25
Q

What is trichophyton rubum cause?

A

infection of hair, hair follicles, surrounding dermis, perifollicular granulomatous nodules

26
Q

How do you dx tinea corporis?

A

KOH test, skin scrapings, fungal cultures

27
Q

What is the treatment for tinea corporis?

A

topical agents
Naftifine 1% cream/gel (Naftin) x 4 weeks
Terbinafine topical (Lamisil)
Ketoconazole topical (Nizoral)
Clotrimazole 1% cream (Mycelex, Lotrimin)
Oxiconazole 1% cream (Oxistat)

28
Q

How should the topical be applied in tinea corporis?

A

at least 2 cm beyond area once or twice a day for at least 2 weeks

29
Q

What are the systemic agents of tinea corporis?

A

for extensive infection, immunosuppression, resistance to topicals, or comorbid tineas
GRISEOFULVIN 10mg/kg/d for 4 weeks
FLUCONAZOLE 50-100mg/d or 150mg once weekly for 2-4 weeks
ITRACONAZOLE 200mg/d x 1 week, or 100mg/d x 2 weeks

30
Q

What is tinea cruris called?

A

jock itch

31
Q

What is Pruritic, superficial fungal infection of the groin and adjacent skin?

A

tinea cruris

32
Q

What are risk factors for tinea cruris?

A

wearing tight-fitting or wet clothing or undergarments or auto-inoculation from other site

33
Q

What does 50% of tinea cruris pts have?

A

tinea pedis

34
Q

What causes tinea cruris?

A

Trichophyton rubrum and Epidermophyton floccosum

35
Q

How do you dx tinea cruris?

A

KOH

36
Q

What is the treatment for tinea cruris?

A 
Naftifine 1% cream/gel (Naftin) 
Terbinafine topical (Lamisil)
Ketoconazole topical (Nizoral)
Clotrimazole 1% cream (Mycelex, Lotrimin)
Oxiconazole 1% cream (Oxistat)
37
Q

What are key things in tinea cruris?

A

symmetric erythematous rashsymmetric erythematous rash

central clearing

38
Q

What is term is tinea pedis?

A

athlete’s foot

39
Q

What is Dermatophyte infection of the soles of the feet and the interdigital spaces?

A

tinea pedis

40
Q

What are risk factors for tinea pedis?

A

hyperhidrosis, prolonged exposure to occlusive footwear, hot/humid/tropical environments, swimming

41
Q

What causes tinea pedis?

A

Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Epidermophyton floccosum

42
Q

What is the presentation of tinea pedis?

A

Pruritic, scaly soles and, often, painful fissures between the toes – Rarely vesicular or ulcerative lesion

43
Q

What is the treatment for athlete’s foot?

A

Naftifine 1% cream/gel (Naftin) BID x 4 weeks
Terbinafine topical 1% (Lamisil) x 2-3 weeks
Clotrimazole 1% cream (Mycelex, Lotrimin)
Oxiconazole 1% cream (Oxistat)
Luliconazole, topical cream, is applied once daily for 2 weeks

44
Q

How long do you treat tinea pedis?

A

1-6 weeks

45
Q

What does tinea versicolor look like?

A

HYPO/HYPERPIGMENTED SCALY MACULES
CONFLUENT PATCHES
UPPER TRUNK

46
Q

What are risk factors for tinea versicolor?

A

genetic predisposition; warm, humid environments; immunosuppression; malnutrition; application of oily preparations; corticosteroid usage; Cushing disease

47
Q

What is the cause of tinea versicolor?

A

Malassezia furfur or Pityrosporum orbiculare

48
Q

What is the dx of tinea versicolor?

A

KOH -clusters of spores and SHORT hyphae

SPAGGETTI WITH MEATBALLS

49
Q

What will tinea versicolor look like on a wood lamp?

A

yellow to coppery-orange

50
Q

What is there with tinea versicolor?

A

scaling

51
Q

When do skin color alteration resolve within?

A

1-2 months after treatment

52
Q

What is the treatment for tinea versicolor??

A

SELENIUM SULFIDE 2.5% LOTION OR SHAMPOO, applied daily (for 10 minutes then rinse) x 2weeks
KETACONAZOLE SHAMPOO or TOPICAL FOAM
Fluconazole 300mg PO weekly for 2 weeks
Itraconazole 200mg PO daily for 5-7 days

53
Q

KNOW FIRST LINE AGENTS AND CAUSATIVE ORGANISMS

A

YAHHH

Dermatology - Clinical Medicine IV (31 decks)

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