Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dermatology - Clinical Medicine IV > Nail Disorder > Flashcards

Nail Disorder Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What are the nail disorders?

A 
Psoriasis 
Onycomycosis
Onycholysis
Paronychia
Subungual Hematoma
Ingrown Toenail (unguis incarnatus)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do onychomycosis appear?

A

complaints about the appearance of the nail, with no physical symptoms
As the disease progresses, interference with standing, walking, and exercising
Paresthesia, pain, discomfort, and loss of dexterity
Loss of self-esteem and inhibited social interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do you dx onycomycosis?

A

KOH in DMSO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the topical treatment for onycomycosis?

A

Ciclopirox olamine 8% nail lacquer solution
Efinaconazole 10% topical solution (the first FDA-approved topical triazole for toenail onychomycosis)
Topical treatments may be useful to prevent recurrence in patients cured with systemic agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the systemic treatment for onychomycosis?

A

Terbinafine

Itraconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What co infection is suspected with onycholysis?

A

yeast infection is suggested- Perform mycologic studies to exclude onychomycosis, including potassium hydroxide wet mount and fungal cultures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do you treat onycholysis?

A

tx underlying cause,topical antifungal imidazole or allylamine twice daily to avoid superinfection of the nail.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the tx for onycholysis due to psoriasis or eczema?

A

midstrength topical corticosteroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do you tx onycholysis with onychomycosis?

A

oral broad-spectrum antifungal agent (ie, fluconazole, itraconazole, terbinafine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do you see in nails with psoriasis?

A

oil stain or nail pitting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are nail disorders associated with systemic disease?

A 
Muehrckes Nails 
Half and Half 
Nail Fold Telangiectasia 
Onycholysis 
Periungual Fibroma 
Yellow Nail Syndrome 
Blue Nails 
Splinter Hemorrhage 
Beau’s Lines 
Koilonychia 
Clubbed Fingers 
Terry’s Nails
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are paired horizontal white bands that are immobile and what causes this?

A

muehrckes nails due to nephrotic syndrome or low serum albumin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are Proximal 2/3 white Distal 1/3 red nails and what causes it?

A

terry’s nail, CHF and hepatic cirrhosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Dilation of terminal small blood vessels?

A

telangiectasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What causes nail fold telangiectasia?

A

Dermatomyositis
SLE
Scleroderma
RA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What causes blue nails?

A

wilson’s disease - accumulation of copper

17
Q

What medication do you give for blue nails?

A

minocycline, quinacrine

18
Q

What is clubbed nails?

A

acquired via cardiopulm disease

19
Q

What causes koilonychia?

A

spoon nail due to iron def anemia

20
Q

What is Temporary growth arrest, due to any stress?

A

beau’s lines

21
Q

What causes splinter hemorrhages?

A

bacterial endocarditis

22
Q

What causes unguis incarnatus?

A

Wearing shoes that are so tight they compress the ridges of the cuticles against the relatively stiff nail material, turning the nail into a cutting surface
cutting nails too short

23
Q

What toe is most involved in ingrown toenail?

A

big toe, lateral side more than medial

24
Q

What is Soft tissue infection around a fingernail that begins as cellulitis but that may progress to a definite abscess?

A

paronychia

25
Q

How does acute paronychia present?

A

painful, purulent condition

26
Q

How can you remove nail?

A

life nail out, entire lateral side of nail and cauterize so it doesnt grow back

27
Q

What is the most common cause of paronychia?

A

staphylococci

28
Q

What test do you get if herpetic whitlow is suspected in paronychia?

A

tzanck smear

29
Q

How do you treat early paronychia?

A

warm soaks 3-4 times daily[1

30
Q

How do you tx pt with cellulitis with paronychia?

A

clindamycin, Augmentin, or Keflex

31
Q

What do you have to do for paronychia abcess?

A

incision and drainage

32
Q

What causes subungual hematoma?

A

blunt or sharp trauma

33
Q

What happens in subungual hematoma?

A

blood builds up and can cause nail bed to fall off and never come back

34
Q

How do you treat subungual hematoma?

A

nddle 18 guage - within first few days, get x ray to check for fracture

35
Q

Does drainage of subungual hematoma accelerate healing?

A

no

36
Q

Is subungual hematoma painful?

A

no

Dermatology - Clinical Medicine IV (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions