Ectoparasitic Drugs Flashcards
What is the treatment for head lice at home?
Wash and dry items that can be washed
Soak combs and brushes in 130° water for 5-10 minutes
Furniture sprays, fumigation unnecessary
Vacuum floors and furniture
What is the treatment for head lice for family and friends?
check EVERYONE, treat anyone with it
How is lice spread?
hair to hair contact, NO PETS, survices under water for hrs
What do the OTC lice drugs do?
kill live lice only, not effective on nits
What is the pathology of OTC head lice drugs?
Prevents closure of sodium channels inhibiting repolarization resulting in spasm, paralysis, and death
When do lice die off the body?
live - more than day
nits - 1 week
What is the recommendatioin for second treatment with OTC lice meds?
9-10 days after
What are the risk factors for lice?
girls, children in preschool to middle school
What are the OTC drugs for head lice?
pyrethrins/piperonyl butoxide (RID)
Permethrin 1% (Nix)
What is pyrethrins/piperonyl butoxide (RID)?
approved for kids 2 yo and older caution in pt allergic to ragweed or chrysanthemums no residue applied to dry hair resistance a problem
What is permethrin 1% (NIX)?
approved for 2 mo and older
residual/residue effect last up to 14 days
applied to wash wet hair
less resistance
How do you put on OTC lice treatment?
Apply, covering entire strand from scalp to tip and leave on for 10 min
Wash out with warm water (can use a shampoo after Rid but not with Nix)
Manually remove all nits and lice
Avoid washing hair for 24-48 hours if possible; avoid swimming
Check entire head every 2-3 days for 2-3 weeks, removing any nits or lice
Retreat typically in 7-10 days
What is the prescription drugs for head lice?
benzyl alcohol lotion 5% (ULESFIA)
Ivermectin lotion 0.5% (SKLICE)
Malathion lotion 0.5% (OVIDE)
Spinosad 0.9% topical suspension (NATROBA)
What are the features of benzyl alcohol lotion for head lice?
kills lice, not nits, requires 2nd treatment in 9 days
approved ages 6 mo and up
What are the features of ivermectin lotion?
not ovicidal
one treatment usually effective
approved for ages 6 mo NS UP
How do you put on prescription lice treatment?
Apply to dry hair, leave on for 10 minutes, rinse with water
What is the best thing for head life?
remove the nits
What are the features of malathion lotion?
Pediculicidal and ovicidal
One application typically effective
Approved ages 6 years and up
Apply to dry hair and allow to dry naturally; shampoo after 8-12 hours.
What is a huge caution of malathion lotion?
FLAMMABLE
What are the features of spinosad?
Pediculicidal and ovicidal
One treatment usually effective
Approved ages 6 months and up
Apply to dry hair, leave on 10 minutes, rinse or shampoo
What is the treatment for pubic lice?
lindane (KWELL)
What are the features of lindane?
apply to dry hair, leave on for 4 min only, add small, amounts of water just enough to form a lather, immediately rinse off completely
manually remove all nits
What is the caution and contra for lindane?
DO NOT use in neonates or szs
Caution with combining with anything that increases absorption and elderly
What are the treatments for scabies?
permethrin 5% (ELIMITE)
crotamiton (EURAK)
What are the features of permethrin 5%?
Thoroughly massage in 1/2 tube of cream (30gm) from head to soles of feet; leave on 8-14 hours then wash off with water (may repeat in 7 days if needed
What are the features of crotamiton?
After bathing, thoroughly massage in from chin down; use a toothbrush or other small brush to work Eurax under nails
Change clothes and linens next morning
Apply again in 24 hours
Bathe normally 48 hours after last application
What do you need to think about with lice treatment lotions?
make sure you have enough to actually cover hair
How is body lice spread?
person to person contact, pets do not transfer, carry disease
What lice carries disease?
body lice
What is the best treatment for body lice?
wash clothes in hot water, increase hygiene - should take care of this issue
How are pubic lice spread?
sexually
How do you spread scabies?
CLOSE PROLONGED CONTACT
Is there an OTC tx for scabies?
NO
What do you do for norigwen and crusted scabies?
oral ivermetectin + topicals
