Topic 5: Part D Flashcards
Linoleic acid (c18:2n6) is an
omega-6 fatty acid
Alpha-linolenic acid (c18:3n3)
omega-3 fatty acid
Both fatty acids have been reported too..
protect against cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases
What is ratio important factor fatty acids
ratio of omega 3 to omega 6
3 main types of omega 3 fatty acids
- ALA (alpha-linolenic acid) – from plant sources
- EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) – from fish sources
- DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) – from fish sources
The low incidence of cardiovascular disease in Inuit population has been attributed to the…
high omega3-omega6 ratio in their diet which is based primarily on fish.
Fish oil contains a high..
omega3-omega6 ratio and has been shown to decrease serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels
Fish oil also lowered..
blood pressure in hypertensive patients
Important food source of omega 3 fatty acid is..
flaxseed
Some food products that have been enriched with omega-3 fatty acid includes..
margarines, bread, milk, orange juice, and eggs
Ground flaxseed can …
lower cholesterol
Potential benefits of EPA/DHA
- heart disease
- decrease serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels
- reported to protect against CVD and inflammatory disease
- relaxation of blood vessels (lowering of BP)
- may slow the hardening of arteries, slowing atherosclerosis
- cancer
- DHA helps the retina to form, important for normal vision development in infants
Infant growth and development can be benefited from EPA/DHA because ..
DHA concentrates in the cortex of the brain, important for normal brain development in infants
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)
two double bonds are separated by one single bond (-CH=CH-CH=CH-)
In linoleic acid the two double bonds are separated by …
two single bonds (-CH=CH-CH2-CH=CH-)
CLA is a …
natural fatty acid mostly found in meat of ruminants
Animals that chew the cud contain more CLA than non ruminant meats because..
the stomach of ruminants convert LA to CLA which absorbed into animal tissue
Non ruminants don’t have the bacteria that converts LA to CLA and
cannot produce CLA
CLA is available in..
pills sold as over the counter products in grocery and drug stores
CLA has been found to…
suppress atherosclerosis in blood vessels
Potential anti-carcinogenic effect of CLA has been shown in..
rats
2000 survey determined that women with the most CLA in diets had a …
60% reduction in the risk of breast cancer
CLA has been shown to reduce ..
fat mass and preserve muscle tissue in rats but human benefit hasn’t been completely demonstrated
CLA lowers insulin resistance which may help …
prevent adult-onset of diabetes
