Topic 3: Part J

Question 1

Food allergy

Answer 1

immune response to a food substance

Question 2

Food allergens also known as..

Answer 2

antigens

Question 3

In Canada food allergies affect how many children and how many adults

Answer 3

• children: 5-6 %

- adults 3-4%

Question 4

Food allergens (antigens) involve ..

Answer 4

proteins foreign to the body that elicit formation of antibodies called immunoglobulin E (IgE)

Question 5

Antibodies are ..

Answer 5

large immune cells that are produced to inactivate the antigen

Question 6

Allergies always involve…

Answer 6

antibody production

Question 7

A family history of allergies can..

Answer 7

increase the risk of allergies

Question 8

Once identified the best treatment for allergies is to

Answer 8

avoid them

Question 9

Breastfed babies are at ..

Answer 9

lesser risk of developing allergy when compared to formula fed infants

Question 10

Allergic reactions to single foods are..

Answer 10

most common

Question 11

Reactions to multiple foods are…

Answer 11

rare

Question 12

Lab tests are required to..

Answer 12

identify true allergy

Question 13

Classical allergy symptoms

Answer 13

• shock
• itching
• redness of skin
• asthma
• runny nose

Question 14

The most severe symptoms seen is called..

Answer 14

anaphylaxis, which affects about 1-2% of Canadians

Question 15

According to Health Canada 9 most common food allergies in Canada are

Answer 15

• Peanuts
• Tree nuts
• Eggs
• Milk
• Wheat
• Soy
• Sesame seeds
• Seafood (fish, crustaceans, shellfish)
• Sulfites

Question 16

90% of food allergies are caused by..

Answer 16

nuts, eggs, milk, wheat and shellfish

Question 17

Food allergy myth “lots of people have food allergies” but fact is..

Answer 17

fact: surveys show that 1 in 3 people believe they are allergic to some foods but in reality a small % of population as allergies to food

Question 18

Food allergy myth “food allergy means runny nose” but fact is..

Answer 18

allergic reactions can range from runny nose to rash to anaphylactic shock

Question 19

Food allergy myth “any negative reaction to a food is food allergy” but fact is…

Answer 19

is may simply be a food intolerance such as lactose intolerance

Question 20

Food allergy myth “people are allergic to food additives” but fact is..

Answer 20

Common misconception. Many additives such as MSG, aspartame, and food dyes have been studied extensively and there is no evidence of any allergic reactions in majority of people

Question 21

Food intolerance

Answer 21

adverse reaction to a food that does not involve an immune response

Question 22

Unlike a food allergy where food must be completely avoided a person with food intolerance can …

Answer 22

typically manage small portions of the food to which they are intolerant

Question 23

Typical symptoms of food intolerance

Answer 23

gastrointestinal in nature, gas, bloating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain

Question 24

Lactose intolerance

Answer 24

impaired ability to digest lactose due to reduced amounts of the enzyme lactase.

Question 25

Why people are lactose intolerance

Answer 25

Undigested lactose draws up water (causing diarrhea) and the bacteria in the colon use the undigested lactose for energy (causing gas and intestinal irritation).

Question 26

As we age approximately how much of world population lose their ability to produce lactase

Answer 26

75%

Question 27

Consuming lactose containing foods with meals can help by..

Answer 27

food slows the transit of foods through the digestive tract

Question 28

Yogurt/aged cheese are often ..

Answer 28

tolerated because the bacteria or molds used to ferment these products digest lactose

Question 29

Products treated w lactase can be purchased as can..

Answer 29

lactaid pills and drops which replace the missing enzyme

Question 30

Reactions often confused with food allergies

Answer 30

1. Reactions to molds or other contaminants. 2. Reactions to MSG. 3. Food poisoning. 4. Reactions to natural chemicals. 5. Symptoms of disease (e.g., ulcers). 6. Enzyme deficiencies (e.g., lactose intolerance) 7. Psychological reactions.

Question 31

Celiac disease

Answer 31

autoimmune disorder characterized by damage to the intestinal tract caused by exposure to gluten.

Question 32

Gluten consumption causes damage to the..

Answer 32

lining of the small intestines, impacting the body ability to absorb nutrients

Question 33

Symptoms of celiac disease

Answer 33

vary from person to person, however typically include iron deficiency anemia, abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, fatigue and weight loss

Question 34

Reduction in absorption of nutrients there can also be a greater risk for..

Answer 34

long term osteoporosis

Question 35

Some people also develop a skin rash from celiac disease ..

Answer 35

dermatitis herpetiformis