Topic 5: Part A

Question 1

Fats, oils and fat substitutes includes a..

Answer 1

broad group of substances that have similar properties such as insolubility in water

Question 2

Oils (unsaturated fats) are..

Answer 2

liquid at room temp

Question 3

Fats (saturated fats) are..

Answer 3

solid at room temp

Question 4

3 major groups of fats and oils

Answer 4

• Triglycerides (triacylglycerides)
• Phospholipids
• Sterols

Question 5

The fatty acids are classified by ..

Answer 5

• chain length

- degree of saturation

Question 6

Chain length of FA

Answer 6

• short: 2-4 carbon
• medium: 6-10 carbon
• long: 12+

Question 7

Degree of saturation of FA

Answer 7

• saturated
• monounsaturated
• polyunsaturated
• cholesterol

Question 8

Triglycerides are approx. ..

Answer 8

95% of the fatty substances in foods fall into this group

Question 9

Triglycerides composed of ..

Answer 9

3 fatty acids combine w one molecule of an alcohol glycerol

Question 10

Glycerol has ..

Answer 10

3 carbon atoms and 3 hydroxyl (OH) groups

Question 11

Fatty acids are commonly composed of ..

Answer 11

chains of carbon atoms and an organic acid (COOH)

Question 12

The 3 fatty acids are joined to the glycerol molecule bu an ..

Answer 12

ester linkage

Question 13

Most fatty acids in food don’t ..

Answer 13

exist in a free form but are combined in tryglycerides

Question 14

Many triglycerides have ..

Answer 14

different FA attached to the glycerol molecule

Question 15

The FA have carbon chains as ..

Answer 15

short at 4 carbon and long as 24 carbon

Question 16

Generally most of the FA in food have an..

Answer 16

even number of carbon atoms

Question 17

The number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon in the chain can vary and ..

Answer 17

Some have all the H atoms that the carbon can bond to- this results in no double bonds between carbon atoms (saturated fats)

Question 18

Other FA contain double bonds between some of the carbon atoms and do not have ..

Answer 18

all the H atoms that the carbon atom could bond, these are called unsaturated