topic 31 Flashcards
muscles of the anal region
M. coccygeus (M. rectococcygeus) M. levator ani M. sphincter ani externus (M. sphincter ani internus)
m. coccygeus
O: spinaischiadica
I: proc. transversus (caudal vert2-4 )
A: Tail wagging!
m. rectococcygeus
O: follows the smooth muscle of the anus
I: ventrally on first few caud vert
m. levator ani
O: follows the smooth muscle of the anus I: ventrally on first few Cd
m.spincter ani ext
Surrounds the opening of the anus, mixed smooth and striated muscle, attached dorsally to the caudal fascia
int=continuation of smooth muscle fibers of anal canal
what is the order the mm lie in cran->caud
- coccygeus
- levator ani
- ext sphincter
The paranal sinuses are located
between int/ext sphincter
layers of rectum cran->caud
Cranial -> caudal in rectum
- Columnar zone
- Intermediate zone
- Cutaneous zone
n. pudenda origin
From S1-3 in sacral plexus, but with the majority of its fibres from S3.
how does n. pudenda run
Runs laterally to the m. coccygeus, and appears superficially by the m. gluteasuperficialis
n. pudenda innervates
It innervates reproduction organs, and muscles and skin of the anal and perineal region
n. pudenda branches and what do they innervate
N. rectaliscaudalis(can arise separately from the sacral plexus) (caudal rectum, m. sphincter aniexternus, m. coccygeus, m. levatorani
Nn. perinei (n. perineus superficialisand n. perineus profundus)
(Supf.): skin of perineum, and proximal medial thigh (Prof.): mucosa of anal canal, the m. ischiourethralis, m. bulbospongiosus, and m. ischiocavernous•
N. penis/clitoridisdorsalis(main extrapelvic continuation of pudendal nerve)
give the branches of a. pudenda interna
TEGN
A. prostatica/vaginalis
- A. ductus deferens/uterina
- –>A. vesicales caudales
- A. rectalis media
A. perinealis ventralis
- A. rectaliscaudalis
A. penis/clitoridis
- A. penis/clitoridis dorsalis
- A. penis/clitoridisprofunda
- A. bulbi penis/vestibuli
