topic 28: Palm of the hand: muscles, fasciae, compartments, vessels and nerves

Question 2

muscles

Answer 2

Thenar Muscles:
Located at the base of the thumb.
Abductor pollicis brevis: Abducts the thumb.
Flexor pollicis brevis: Flexes the thumb.
Opponens pollicis: Opposes the thumb.

Hypothenar Muscles:
Located at the base of the little finger.
Abductor digiti minimi: Abducts the little finger.
Flexor digiti minimi brevis: Flexes the little finger.
Opponens digiti minimi: Opposes the little finger.

Interosseous Muscles:
Located between the metacarpal bones.
Palmar interossei: Adduct the fingers.
Dorsal interossei: Abduct the fingers.

Question 3

fasciae

Answer 3

Palmar Fascia (Palmar Aponeurosis):

Dense fibrous tissue covering the muscles of the palm.
Forms the palmar creases and flexion lines.
Helps maintain the shape of the hand and provides attachment for muscles.

Thenar and Hypothenar Compartments:
Separated by the midpalmar septum.
Contains the thenar and hypothenar muscles respectively.

Central Compartment:
Between the thenar and hypothenar compartments.
Contains the long flexor tendons, lumbrical muscles, and deep structures.

Question 4

vessels

Answer 4

Arteries:
-Palmar Arterial Arch: Formed by the radial and ulnar arteries, provides blood supply to the hand.
-Digital Arteries: Branch from the palmar arch to supply the fingers.

Nerves:
-Median Nerve: Supplies the thenar muscles, lateral two lumbricals, and sensation to the palmar aspect of the lateral three and a half digits.
-Ulnar Nerve: Supplies the hypothenar muscles, medial lumbricals, and sensation to the palmar aspect of the medial one and a half digits.
-Radial Nerve: Supplies sensation to the dorsum of the hand and fingers.