TOPIC 14: About subclavian a.

Question 1

branches

Answer 1

• First Part (Medial to Anterior Scalene Muscle)
  Vertebral Artery
  Path: Ascends through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae to enter the cranial cavity.
  Supplies: The brain and spinal cord.

*Internal Thoracic Artery
Path: Descends along the inner surface of the anterior chest wall.
Supplies: The anterior chest wall and breasts.

*Thyrocervical Trunk
Branches:
-Inferior Thyroid Artery: Supplies the thyroid gland and neck.
-Transverse Cervical Artery: Supplies the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles.
-Suprascapular Artery: Supplies the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles.
-Ascending Cervical Artery: Supplies muscles of the neck.

Second Part (Posterior to Anterior Scalene Muscle)
Costocervical Trunk
Branches:
-Superior Intercostal Artery: Supplies the first and second intercostal spaces.
-Deep Cervical Artery: Supplies the deep muscles of the neck.

Third Part (Lateral to Anterior Scalene Muscle)
Dorsal Scapular Artery
Path: Travels along the medial border of the scapula.
Supplies: The levator scapulae, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor muscles.

Question 2

Anastomoses Between Subclavian and External Iliac Arteries

Answer 2

1.Superior Epigastric Artery (from the Internal Thoracic Artery) with the Inferior Epigastric Artery (from the External Iliac Artery)

These arteries anastomose in the rectus sheath, providing an important collateral pathway between the upper and lower parts of the anterior abdominal wall.

2.Deep Circumflex Iliac Artery (from the External Iliac Artery) with Musculophrenic Artery (from the Internal Thoracic Artery):

The deep circumflex iliac artery anastomoses with the musculophrenic artery along the lower border of the ribs, enhancing blood supply to the lateral abdominal wall.