topic 25: Axillary fossa, triangular and quadrangular axillary spaces

Question 1

axillary fossa boundaries

Answer 1

Also known as the axilla, it is a pyramidal-shaped region located between the upper part of the arm and the side of the chest.

Boundaries:
Anteriorly: Pectoralis major and minor muscles.

Posteriorly: Subscapularis, teres major, and latissimus dorsi muscles.

Medially: Serratus anterior muscle and the chest wall.

Laterally: Intertubercular groove of the humerus.

Question 2

axilllary fossa contents

Answer 2

Contents:
Axillary artery and its branches.
Axillary vein and its tributaries.
Brachial plexus and its branches.
Lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels.
Fat and connective tissue.

Question 3

about triangula space

Answer 3

Located inferior to the teres major muscle.
Boundaries:
Superiorly: Teres minor muscle.
Inferiorly: Teres major muscle.
Laterally: Long head of the triceps brachii muscle.

Contents:
Scapular circumflex vessels (both anterior and posterior branches).

Question 4

about quadrangular space

Answer 4

Located inferior to the teres minor muscle.
Boundaries:
Superiorly: Teres minor muscle.
Inferiorly: Teres major muscle.
Medially: Long head of the triceps brachii muscle.
Laterally: Surgical neck of the humerus.

Contents:
Axillary nerve.
Posterior circumflex humeral artery.