Topic 13: Treatments Flashcards
Meta-analysis
A statistical method combining results from multiple studies
Evidence-based interventions
Treatments backed by scientific evidence
Cultural Humility
治疗师认识并挑战自己的文化偏见，开放地倾听，并从客户的生活经历中学习
Therapeutic Alliance
治疗师与来访者之间的合作与信任关系
Deinstitutionalization
远离长期住院（精神病院）→社区护理
Nonmaleficence
Do no harm
Fidelity and Responsibility
Be trustworthy and professional
Integrity
Promote accuracy and honesty
Respect for Rights and Dignity
注重文化敏感性并维护自主权
Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy
Rational: logical, reasonable thinking
Emotive: emotional aspect of your experiences
Activating event: external event that activates how we feel or think
Belief: Our automatic beliefs (event, ourselves, other people)
Consequence: Your emotional or behavioral responses
Dispute: When you question these beliefs
Effective behavior: When you have resisted irrational beliefs and have changed your behavior
Systematic Desensitization
Relaxation Training: techniques (deep breathing→ control physiological responses)
Creation of Anxiety Hierarchy: list of anxiety-inducing scenarios related to phobia; ranked
Gradual Exposure: least anxiety-inducing (imagined/real) → patient practices their relaxation techniques → next level in hierarchy
Psychodynamic Therapy
Techniques: Free association, dream analysis
Goal: Uncover unconscious conflicts
Example: Freudian analysis of recurring dreams
Cognitive Therapies
Cognitive Restructuring: Helps clients identify and change distorted, negative thought patterns
Fear Hierarchies: Clients rank anxiety-inducing situations from least to most frightening to face them gradually
Cognitive Triad (Beck): Highlights negative thoughts about the self, the world, and the future as central to depression
Example: Reframing “I’ll fail the test” into “I can prepare and do well.”
Behavioral Therapies
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA): Uses reinforcement and punishment to shape behaviors, often applied in developmental disorders like autism
Exposure Therapy: Gradually exposes clients to feared stimuli in a controlled way to reduce anxiety responses
Aversion Therapy: Pairs unwanted behaviors with unpleasant stimuli to reduce the behavior.
Token Economy: Reinforces desired behaviors with tokens that can be exchanged for rewards.
Biofeedback: Teaches clients to control physiological responses (like heart rate) by providing real-time feedback from monitoring devices
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT): Combines CBT with mindfulness and emotion regulation, especially for intense emotions and borderline personality disorder
Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT): Challenges irrational beliefs and replaces them with more logical, adaptive thoughts
Humanistic Therapy
Techniques:
Person-Centered Therapy
Active Listening, Unconditional Positive Regard
Example: Client leads the session; therapist paraphrases reflectively
Hypnosis
the use of relaxation to achieve an altered state of consciousness
↳ individual is more likely to respond to suggestions
↳ alter perceptions and thoughts
