brain Flashcards
fMRI
Brain activity needs more oxygen (from blood)
EEG, electroencephalogram
Electrodes - direct contact with scalp → transmit activation of neurons (“brain waves”)
Lesions
destroy brain tissue Usually animals
Plasticity
神经元受损或被移除后，大脑形成新连接的能力
Corpus Callosum 胼胝体
通常允许两个半球之间的信息整合
Wernicke’s Area (Left – Language)
Understanding speech sounds
Temporal Lobes
Generally control auditory and linguistic(语言，说话) processing
右颞叶：
在识别面部和视觉记忆
左颞叶：
理解口语和书面语言。此处受损会导致失语症等语言障碍。
Sensory Cortex
Mapped for all touch (skin) sensations
Association areas
perception, language, and abstract thinking. 负责连接和协调感觉区和运动区
整合来自各个感觉和运动区域的信息
Parietal Lobes。
↳ process and organize information
Broca’s aphasia A-phasia = No Phonein (Speech)
Damage → Speech production and selection of words
Frontal Lobes
emotion,logic, planing
Cerebral Cortex.
Conscious awareness
The center of higher-level processes
reasoning, perception, voluntary movement, and decision-making
The Amygdala
Processes info w/ emotional content Triggers anger, aggression, & fear
The Hippocampus
Memory formation
The Pituitary Gland.
physical development, Releases growth hormones
The HYPOthalamus
BASIC drives: hunger, thirst, body temp, sex drive
Controls Fight or Flight (amygdala instigates)
The Thalamus
丘脑 信息中转站, 音频、视觉和体感
The Limbic System
Regulate basic emotions, basic drives, & basic memory formation
The ReTICular Formation, AKA RETICULAR ACTIVATING SYSTEM (RAS)
Arousal - Attention - Keeps you AWAKE (SNAP!)
Cerebellum
balance posture, muscle memory
Voluntary movement
Storage of some muscle memory (procedural memory)
Medulla
Breathing, Heart rate, Blood pressure, vomiting, coughing
Motor cortex
(Frontal lobe) Speech production and large muscle movement
Left Motor Cortex
Controls voluntary movements on the right side of the body.
Right Motor Cortex
Controls voluntary movements on the left side of the body.
promoter cortex
small Motor skills
Gross Motor
(large movements)
Fine Motor
(Small, precise movements)
The Pons
Helps coordinate automatic movement (面部的)
Brain Stem
Regulates sleep-wake cycle & arousal
Occipital Lobe
Primarily responsible for vision processing.
