Tooth Abnormalities Flashcards
When do crowns of deciduous teeth develop?
14th week of gestation until 12 months of age
When do crowns of permanent teeth develop?
6 months until 15 years
Enamel defects in permanent teeth caused by periapical inflammatory disease of the overlying deciduous tooth is called what?
Turner’s Hypoplasia
*Most commonly in permanent bicuspids
What is the optimum fluoridation level in drinking water?
- 7 ppm
* excess fluoride causes fluorosis
What are the two tooth morphologies that are typical of congenital syphilis?
1-Hutchinsons incisors (straight edge screw-driver)
2-Mulberry molars
What are the 3 components of the Hutchinsons triad?
1-Hutchinsons incisors
2-Keratitis (corneal scarring)
3-8th nerve deafness
*may also see saddle nose
Loss of tooth structure caused by tooth on tooth contact is called?
Attrition
Mechanical wearing away of tooth structure is called?
Abrasion
*often tooth brushing)
Both attrition and abrasion together such as with chewing tobacco is called what?
Demastication
Loss of tooth structure caused by a nonbacterial chemical process is called?
Erosion
*Also called Corrosion
Erosion of dental structures due to exposure to gastric secretions is called?
Perimolysis
Loss of tooth structure from occlusal stresses and repeated tooth flexure is called?
Abfraction or Non-carious cervical lesions
Teeth that are anchored in bone are referred to as?
Ankylosis
A single enlarged tooth or joined tooth in which the tooth count is normal when the anomalous tooth is counted as one is called?
Gemination
Single enlarged tooth or joined tooth in which the tooth count reveals a missing tooth when the anomalous tooth is counted as one is called?
Fusion
Union of adjacent teeth by cementum (no dentin involvement) it is called?
Concrescence
When a root is bent, it is referred to as?
Dilaceration
An additional cusp found on the lingual of an incisor is called?
Talons cusp
*Extra cusps are called accessory cusps
An outcropping, usually found bilaterally on premolars in association with shovel shaped incisors is called what?
Dens Evaginatus
*close to 100% in native americans
What are two characteristics of the rare hereditary hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia?
1-No or very few sweat glands
2- Anodontia or very few teeth
Hypodontia is a lack of one or more teeth. Lack or 6 or more is called?
Oligodontia
What are the three most commonly congenitally missing teeth?
1-3rd molars
2-2nd premolars
3-Lateral incisors
What is the most common form of hyperdontia or supernumerary teeth?
Mesiodens. Extra tooth between or around maxillary incisors
What are two major characteristics of cleidocranial dysplasia?
1-Hypoplastic (missing) clavicles
2-Supernumerary impacted teeth
Switched teeth are called?
Dental transposition
Which disease is characterized by premature tooth eruption and traumatic ulcerations of adjacent soft tissues?
Riga-Fede
What 3 teeth are most frequently impacted?
1-Mandibular 3rd molars
2-Maxillary 3rd molars
3-Maxillary canine
A deep surface invagination of the crown or root that is lined by enamel is called?
Dens-in-dente
What is the order of the 5 frequencies in which dens-in-dente occur?
1-permanent lateral incisors 2-central incisors 3-premolars 4-canines 5-molars
What 3 teeth most frequently have dilacerated roots?
1-mandibular 3rd molars
2-maxillary 2nd premolars
3-mandibular 2nd molars
An enlargement of the body and pulp chamber of a multi-rooted tooth, with apical displacement of the pulpal floor is called what?
Taurodontism
What 3 syndromes are associated with Taurodontism?
1-Kleinfelters syndrome
2-Amelogensis imperfecta
3-Tricho-dento-osseous syndrome
In addition to Taurodontism, what three other things characterize Tricho-dento-osseous syndrome?
1-Kinky hair
2-Osteosclerosis
3-Brittle nails
Non neoplastic deposition of excessive cementum that is continuous with the normal radicular cementum is called what?
Hypercementosis
*may be caused by occlusal trauma or adjacent inflammation
What disease is strongly associated with generalized hypercementosis?
Paget’s Disease
Developmental alterations in the structure of enamel in the absence of a systemic disorder is known as?
Amelogensis imperfecta
What are the 3 types of Amelogensis imperfecta?
1-Hypoplastic
2-Hypocalcified
3-Hypomaturation
Inadequate deposition of enamel matrix in pitting is what type of amelogenesis imperfecta?
Hypoplastic
*yellow-brown dentin color to the tooth
Enamel matrix is laid down and teeth are normal in shape but enamel is soft and chips away resulting in snow-capped, white opaque enamel resulting in what type of amelogenesis imperfecta?
Hypomaturation
*Surface enamel is agar brown. Is x-linked but varies
Which type of amelogensis imperfecta lays down matrix but it is not mineralized giving both pitting and snow capped look to the soft and easily lost enamel?
Hypocalcified
*yellow-brown or orange and becomes black with rapid calculus apposition
The Hereditary developmental disturbance of dentin in the absence of any systemic disorder is called?
Dentinogenesis imperfecta
Which mutation is associated with dentinogenesis imperfecta?
Dentin sialophosphoprotein gene (DSPP)
If dentinogenesis imperfecta is suspected and the patient has blue sclera, what is it?
Osteogenesis imperfecta with opalescent teeth
*mutation of the COL1A1 or COL1A2
What 4 characteristics are typical of dentinogenesis imperfecta teeth in a radiograph?
1-Bulbous crowns
2-Cervical constriction
3-Thin roots
4-Early obliteration of canals and pulp chamber
Typically in baby teeth, what is it called when the thinness of enamel dramatically enlarges the pulp?
Shell teeth
*does not have apically displaced floor
Which type of dentin dysplasia has “rootless teeth”, clinically normal crowns, and looks like a stream flowing around boulders in a microscope?
Type I dentin dysplasia
*Autosomal dominant
Which type of dentin dysplasia is similar to DI but has altered pulp anatomy (thistle tube-shaped and pulp stones)?
Type II dentin dysplasia
*Autosomal dominant
A localized, non-hereditary developmental abnormality of teeth resulting in “ghost teeth” is called what?
Regional Odontodysplasia
