Oral Manifestation of Systemic Disease

Question 1

Which condition is caused by excess bilirubin in the bloodstream that accumulates in the tissues, and results in a yellowish discoloration of the skin & mucosa?

Answer 1

Jaundice

*Gilbert syndrome has impaired metabolism in liver

Question 2

What group of conditions are characterized by the deposition of an extracellular, proteinaceous substance termed amyloid?

Answer 2

Amyloidosis

Question 3

What are the 5 main classifications of Amyloidosis?

Answer 3

1-Organ-limited 
2-Systemic
3-Primary (Myeloma associated)
4-Secondary (Hemodialysis associated)
5-Heredofamilial

Question 4

What three areas are mainly affected in the myeloma associated Primary systemic Amyloidosis?

Answer 4

1-Eyelid
2-Neck
3-Lips

Question 5

Which classification of amyloidosis spares the heart but affects the liver, kidney and spleen?

Answer 5

Systemic Secondary (hemodyalisis associated) Amyloidosis

Question 6

Which vitamin is essential for vision. May lead to blindness?

Answer 6

VItamin A (Retinol)

Question 7

Which vitamin is important to maintain proper functioning of neurons. Beriberi?

Answer 7

Vitamin B1 (thiamin)

Question 8

Which vitamin is necessary for cellular oxidation-reduction reactions. Oral alterations like angular cheilitis, glossitis?

Answer 8

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)

Question 9

Which vitamin acts as a coenzyme for oxidation-reduction reactions and has Pellagra triad= dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea?

Answer 9

Vitamin B3 (niacin)

Question 10

What are the 3 components of pellagra triad?

Answer 10

Dermatitis
Dementia
Diarrhea

Question 11

Which vitamin is a cofactor associated with enzymes that participate in amino acid synthesis?

Answer 11

Vitamin B6 (pyrodoxine)

Question 12

Which vitamin is necessary for the proper synthesis of collagen. Scurvy?

Answer 12

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

Question 13

Which vitamin is considered a hormone, necessary for calcium absorption from the gut. Rickets, Osteomalacia?

Answer 13

Vitamin D

Question 14

Which vitamin serves as an antioxidant?

Answer 14

Vitamin E (a-tocopherol)

Question 15

Which vitamin is necessary for proper clotting (needed in clotting factors II,VII, IX, X). Coagulopathy because of inadequate synthesis or prothrombin?

Answer 15

Vitamin K

Question 16

Which hematologic condition has hypochromic microcytic RBC’s and has angular cheilitis and atrophic glossitis. (bald tongue)?

Answer 16

Iron Deficiency Anemia

*most common cause of anemia in the US and worldwide

Question 17

Which syndrome is characterized by iron-deficiency anemia, glossitis, and dyshphagia?

Answer 17

Plummer-Vinson Syndrome

*high associated with oral and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Question 18

The brittle spoon-shaped configuration of nails in Plummer-Vinsons syndrome are called?

Answer 18

Koilonychia

Question 19

AKA Megaloblastic anemia, what condition has atrophic glossitis and is caused by poor absorption of cobalamin (Vit B12, Intrinsic factor)?

Answer 19

Pernicious Anemia

Question 20

What condition results from increased production of growth hormone before closure of epiphyseal plates?

Answer 20

Gigantism

Question 21

What condition results from increased production of growth hormone after the closure of epiphyseal plates?

Answer 21

Acromegaly

Question 22

In terms of hypothyroidism, _____ occurs in childhood/infancy and ___ occurs in adults

Answer 22

Cretinism

Myxedema

Question 23

What are 9 Oral manifestations of those with Type I DM?

Answer 23

1-Periodontal disease
2-Delayed healing
3-Increased probability of infection
4-Enlargement and erythema of the attached gingiva
5-Oral candidiasis (30%)
6-Zygomycosis (mucormycosis) – poorly controlled diabetics
7-Xerostomia (30%)
8-Diabetic sialadenosis
9-Diffuse, nontender, bilateral enlargement of the parotid glands

Question 24

What condition is an inflammatory mediated condition of unknown case that has oral lesions preceding GI lesions 30% of the time?

Answer 24

Crohn’s Disease

Question 25

What are 3 oral lesions of Crohns disease?

Answer 25

1-Diffuse, nodular swellings
2-“Cobblestone appearance” of the oral mucosa
3-Linear ulcerations of the buccal vestibule