Salivary Gland Disease Flashcards
AKA Mucus Extravasation Phenomenon what is a Spillage of mucin into the soft tissues due to rupture of a salivary gland duct, usually caused by trauma called?
Mucocele
*Usually in younger adults and children on lower lip FOM or anterior ventral tongue (minor salivary glands)
Mucoceles in floor of mouth, usually lateral to the midline
that are typically associated with rupture of the sublingual gland duct are called what?
Ranula
*Marsupialization entails removal of the roof of the lesion making a pseudo-duct
AKA Mucus Retention Cyst, what are epithelium-lined cavity that arises from salivary gland tissue called?
Salivary Duct Cyst
*Can be bluish in color
Where are the 4 most common places for a Salivary duct cyst?
1) parotid gland
2) FOM
3) buccal mucosa
3) lips
AKA Salivary Stone what is a calcification in the salivary duct called?
Sialolith (Sialolithiasis)
*often the submandibular gland because it is long and curvy
Inflammation of salivary glands is called?
Sialadenitis
*Can be an infection or non-infectious cause
What virus causes mumps (Epidemic Parotitis)?
Paramyxovirus
*Complication of Epididymoorchitis, oophoritis or mastitis
A swelling of the parotid or submandibular gland after general anesthesia is called?
Anesthesia mumps
Mainly in the parotid gland, what hypertrophic condition of the acini results in Non-inflammatory asymptomatic salivary gland enlargement?
Sialadenosis (Sialosis)
*Usually bilateral
What are three underlying systemic conditions that can lead to Sialadenosis?
1-Endocrine disorders
2-Malnutrition
3-Drugs
What occurs in minor glands, often on hard or soft palate
and results in localized, sessile painless swelling that mimics a neoplasm?
Adenomatoid Hyperplasia of the Minor Salivary Glands
Locally destructive inflammatory condition of the salivary glands that mimics malignancy clinically often due to dental injections is called?
Necrotizing Sialometaplasia
Swelling and eversion of the lower lip as a result of hypertrophy and inflammation of the minor salivary glands is called?
Chelitis Glandularis
*Associated with actinic cheilitis. Weeping mucopurulent secretions
Excessive Salivation is called?
Sialorrhea
What are three possible complications of xerostomia?
1-Candidiasis
2-Prone to cervical and root caries
3-Alteration of taste (metallic)
What is another name for the autoimmune disease sjogrens Syndrome?
Sicca Syndrome
*mainly affects salivary and lacrimal glands. May have bilateral swelling of parotid
What are the 3 criteria, of which 2 of 3 must be met, to diagnose sjogrens?
1-Positive serum tests (4 different tests)
2-Ocular staining score of more than 3
3-Presence of focal lymphocytic sialadenitis with a focus score more than 1 (labial salivary gland biopsy)
What are the 4 Serum tests used to test for sjogrens syndrome?
1-Anti SSA
2-Anti SSB
3-RF
4-ANA
What are 2 examples of sialogauges that may be prescribed to treat sjogrens?
- Pilocarpine (salagen)
- Cevimeline (evoxac)
What condition increased the risk for lymphoma by 40x’s?
Sjogrens Syndrome
*Marginal zone lymphoma (MALT lymphoma)
What are the most common sites for Salivary neoplasms from most to least?
1-Parotid gland
2-Minor glands (of these, palate is most likely site)
3-submandibular
4-sublingual
What two major salivary gland neoplasm sites are more likely to be benign than malignant?
1-Parotid (70% benign)
2-Submandibular (60% benign)
*Sublingual is only 30% benign
Which two minor salivary gland neoplasm sites are benign half the time and malignant half the time?
1-Palate
2-Cheek
*in general minor glands are 50/50
Which minor salivary gland neoplasm site is more likely to be benign?
Upper lip (80% benign)
What 3 minor salivary gland neoplasms are more likely to be malignant?
1-Lower lip (60% malignant)
2-Tongue (85% malignant)
3-Retromolar pad (90% malignant)
What is most common benign neoplasm?
Pleomorphic adenoma
What is most common malignant neoplasm?
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
What are the 4 kinds of benign Salivary Gland Neoplasms?
1-Canalicular adenoma
2-Pleomorphic adenoma
3-Warthin tumor (papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum)
4-Oncocytoma
What type of benign salivary gland neoplasm is a monomorphic adenoma that is most commonly on the upper lip in patients over 60??
Canalicular adenoma
*Pleomorphic adenoma are found more commonly on the upper lip in patients under 50
Which neoplasm is a mixture of ductal and myoepithelial cells and is the most common salivary neoplasm?
Pleomorphic Adenoma (Benign Mixed Tumor)
*tumor is encapsulated
Almost exclusively in parotid gland what is the second most common benign parotid tumor which may occur bilaterally?
Warthin’s Tumor (Papillary Cystadenoma Lymphomatosum)
*Smokers have an eightfold risk
What are 5 Malignant Salivary neoplasms?
1-Mucoepidermoid carcinoma 2-Acinic cell adenocarcinoma 3-Adenoid cystic carcinoma 4-Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (terminal duct adenocarcinoma) 5-Malignant mixed tumor
What is the most common malignant salivary neoplasm and most commonly affects the parotid gland?
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
*Minor glands are second most common site, on palate
An Ectopic salivary gland tissue that was developmentally entrapped within jaw
can cause what?
Intraosseous (Central) Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
Which low-grade malignant neoplasm shows serous acini differentiation and is the second most common malignant neoplasm?
Acinic Cell Adenocarcinoma
*Parotid is most common site, then minor glands followed by submand
Which malignant salivary gland tumor is the most common of the submandibular gland?
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
*Associated pain from tumor wrapping around nerve
Which malignant salivary gland neoplasm almost exclusively occurs in minor glands?
Polymorphous Low-grade Adenocarcinoma (Terminal Duct Carcinoma)
*Associated pain from tumor wrapping around nerve
Which Malignant neoplasm is most commonly in major glands and may be present for years before rapid growth of transformed epithelial cells?
Malignant Mixed tumor
What are two other names for Malignant mixed tumor?
1-Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma
2- Carcinosarcoma
