Bacterial Infections Flashcards
What is the primary organism that causes Impetigo?
Staphylococcus Aureus
*Streptococcus Pyogenes is another that can cause it
Which type of impetigo is more prevalent, frequently found on legs, and is seen in school-aged children?
Non-bullous Impetigo
*treated with topical antibiotics
Which type of impetigo is seen more commonly in infants, can lead to meningitis, pneumonia and glomerulonephritis, and have a thin brown crust?
Bullous Impetigo
*Superficial vesicles rapidly enlarge to form larger, flaccid bullae
What are three things that can cause Tonsillitis or Pharyngitis?
1-Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci
2-Influenza virus
3-Epstein-Barr virus
*Majority are caused by a virus
What are two sequelae of Streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis?
1-Scarlet fever
2-Rheumatic fever (Rheumatic heart disease, Acute glomerulonephritis)
What oral feature of Scarlet fever would you expect to see in the first 2 days?
White Strawberry tongue
What oral feature of Scarlet fever would you expect to see in days 4-5?
Red Strawberry tongue
A rash in areas of pressure and skin folds is associated with scarlet fever and called what?
Pastia’s lines
Pharyngeal tonsillar crypts that are filled with desquamated keratin and foreign material are called what?
- Tonsillar concretions (foul smelling)
- Tonsillolith (calcified)
*usually colonized by Actinomyces
Which disease is caused by cornebacterium diphtheria of which humans are the sole reservoir and results in tissue necrosis and cardiac complications?
Diptheria
Which disease is caused by treponema pallidum and is primarily a sexually transmitted disease but is also passed mother to fetus?
Syphilis
*3 stages
Which stages of syphilis is characterized by painless ulcerations called chancres?
Primary syphilis
*most commonly on anus or external genitals
Which stage of syphilis is also known as disseminated syphilis and is always a diffuse, painless, maculopapular, cutaneous, widespread rash?
Secondary syphilis
*4-10 weeks after initial infection
Which stage of syphilis may present as cardiac complications, ocular lesions, tongue lesions, gum or other intramural lesions?
Tertiary syphilis
*Gumma is scattered foci of granulomatous inflammation
What 3 things make up hutchinson triad?
1-Hutchinsons incisors
2-Ocular interstitial keratitis
3-8th nerve deafness
*associated with congenital syphilis
What infectious disease is the most common in the US, is passed sexually and has purulent discharge and dysuria?
Gonorrhea
*caused by neisseria gonnorhea
What disease is caused by acid fast bacilli mycobacterium tuberculosis?
Tuberculosis
What is it called when TB infects the skin?
Lupus Vulgaris
What form of mycobacterial infection is caused by drinking contaminated milk?
Scrofula
Granulomas with central areas of necrosis is histologically typical of what?
Tuberculosis
Which disease is caused by mycobacterium leprae?
Leprosy
*endemic areas of lousiana and texas
What are the two main categories of tuberculosis?
1-Tuberculoid leprosy (paucibacillary-small number of skin lesions)
2-Lepromatous leprosy (multibacillary-loss of hair, collapsed nose)
Which polymicrobial disease is rapidly progressive and associated with measles?
Noma
*Frequently begins as NUG and causes zones of necrosis
Noma is caused by what two organisms?
1-Fusobacterium necrophorum
2-prevotella intermedia
What condition is characterized by external sinus tract with yellow surfer granules?
Actinomycosis caused by Actinomyces israelii
Which disease is caused by bartonella henselae?
Car-Scratch disease
*80% in younger than 21
What is oculoglandular syndrome of Parinaud?
Primary lesions adjacent to eye that can result in a conjunctival granuloma with preauricular lymphadenopathy
What is usually caused by blockage of the ostiomeatal complex?
Sinusitis
Calcifications occuring in chronic sinusitis are called?
antroliths
How will maxillary sinusitis present in a radiograph?
Sinus is cloudy
If a patients tooth pain increases when upright and decreases when supine, it is likely?
Maxillary sinusitis
