Soft Tissue Tumors Flashcards
What is the most common “tumor”/neoplasm of the oral cavity associated with trauma?
Fibroma
*Reactive hyperplasia of fibrous connective tissue in response to local irritation or trauma
What is the most common location for a Fibroma?
Buccal mucosa along bite line
Fibrous tumor with distinctive features; not associated with chronic irritation are called what?
Giant Cell Fibroma
*usually in younger patient on Gingiva
Typically bilateral, what lesion is similar microscopically to Giant Cell fibroma and found in 99% of children?
Retrocuspid Papilla
*Lungual to mandibular cuspids
A Tumor-like hyperplasia of fibrous connective tissue as part of a the inflammatory process, usually on the facial aspect of the alveolar ridge is called?
Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia (IFH)
Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia that is in association with the flange of an ill-fitting denture is called what?
Epulis Fissuratum
*Clinical diagnosis
Small, erythematous pebbly reactive tissue growth under a denture (usually maxillary) is called?
Inflammatory Papillary Hyperplasia (IPH)
*Ill-fitting or lack of denture hygiene
Most commonly on the buccal mucosa in the oral cavity, a true neoplasm exhibiting fibroblastic and histiocytic differentiation is called?
Fibrous Histiocytoma
*dermatofibroma when it is on the skin
What results from overproduction of hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts?
Oral Focal Mucinosis
What are the 3 P’s and an F of a differential diagnosis for “bump on the gums”?
1-Fibroma
2-Pyogenic granuloma
3-Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma
4-Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma
What fiery red lesion is not a true granuloma and is a reaction to local irritation?
Pyogenic Granuloma
*may grow quickly. Excise down to the periosteum
Where are Pyogenic Granulomas found?
Gingiva (75%), followed by lips, tongue and buccal mucosa
What is a pyogenic tumor called if a pregnant woman has one?
Granuloma Gravidarum or Pregnancy tumor
A reactive lesion caused by local irritation or trauma that occurs exclusively on the gingiva or edentulous alveolar ridge with cupping resorption of bone is called?
Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (PGCG)
Which lesion occurs exclusively on the gingiva, is a pale color
, and appears as a nodular mass that usually originating from the dental papilla?
Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma (POF)
By far the most common mesenchymal neoplasm, what yellow/mucosal colored lesion is a benign tumor of fat?
Lipoma
*floats in formalin
Pain with peripheral numbness around most commonly in the mental foramen area is likely what?
A neuroma
What are the two kinds of Neuromas?
- Traumatic neuroma
- Palisaded encapsulated neuroma (PEN)
What is another name for a Palisaded encapsulated neuroma?
Solitary circumscribed neuroma
A benign neural neoplasm of Schwann cell origin is called what?
Schwannoma (Neurilemoma)
*up to half are in the Head and Neck, most on tongue
What are the two Histopathologic features of a Schwannoma?
1-Antoni A (Spindle shaped schwann cells forming a palisaded arrangement, eosiniphilic are called Verocay body)
2-Antoni B (no organization)
The most common type of peripheral nerve neoplasm, most commonly found on the tongue or buccal mucosa intraorally are called?
Neurofibroma
*Patient should be evaluated for neurofibromatosis
AKA von Recklinghausen’s disease of the skin, which of the 8 recognized forms of Neurofibromatosis is most common?
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1)
*Feels like a bag of worms
What are 4 important diagnostic criteria for Neurofibromatosis?
1- 6 or more Cafe au lait macules (Coast of California)
2-Two or more NF
3-Frecking of axillary region (Crowe’s sign)
4-Two or more iris hamartomas (lisch nodules)
What are 3 oral manifestations found in 90% of NF1 patients?
1-Enlargement of fungiform papilla (50%)
2-Intraoral neurofibromas (25%)
3-Enlargement of the mandibular foramen or canal
What condition is characterized by adrenal gland tumors (pheochromocytoma), thyroid tumors (medullary carcinoma) mucosal neuromas (with a predilection for the oral cavity) and marfanoid (alien like) elongated face and limbs?
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia, Type 2B (MEN 2B)
*Often have large lips due to neuromas and Bilateral neuromas of the commissural mucosa
____% of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia, Type 2B develop pheochromocytoma and ______% develop medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland
50, 90
A rare pigmented tumor, usually occuring during the 1st year of life with a
striking predilection for anterior maxilla is likely what?
Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy
*Clinically black/blue. High urinary Vanillylmandelic acid
Which benign soft tissue neoplasm had a predilection for the oral cavity, is yellow/mucosal colored, is usually on the dorsal tongue and exhibit pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH)?
Granular Cell tumor
*S-100 positive
What lesion occurs almost exclusively on the alveolar ridges of newborns in the incisor-canine region and does NOT cause Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH)?
Congenital Epulis
*S-100 negative. Most common on Maxillary ridge
What is the most common tumor of infancy and is a tumor of blood vessels?
Hemangioma
*Clinically blanch
Which rare, nonhereditary developmental condition is characterized as having port wine stain or nevus flammeus in associated with trigeminal nerve and is associated with convulsive disorders?
Sturge-Weber Angiomatosis
*Likely have gingival hyperplasia due to convulsive medications
Often appearing like frog eggs or tapioca pudding, a benign tumor of lymphatic vessels is called what?
Lymphangioma
*may cause macroglossia
Benign tumors of smooth muscle are called?
Leiomyoma
Benign neoplasm of skeletal muscle are called?
Rhabdomyoma
*Extracardiac rhabdomyomas are very rare but have a predilection for the H&N
The name of a malignant soft tissue cancer ends in?
Sarcoma
What condition is caused by HHV-8, is classically in Italian, Jewish, or Slavic?
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
What are the 4 clinical presentations of Kaposi’s Sarcoma?
1-Classic
2-Endemic (African)
3-Iatrogenic immunosuppression associated
4-AIDS related
A Malignancy of skeletal muscles is called?
Rhabdomyosarcoma
