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Oral Biology > Tongue and Taste Buds > Flashcards

Tongue and Taste Buds Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the functions of the tongue in terns of ingestion

A

mastication - direct food
suckling
swallow
cleansing mouth

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2
Q

what are the functions of the tongue in terms of sensory

A

taste?gustation

touch/mechanorecepton

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3
Q

what else tongue inv in

A

speech

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4
Q

what is the tongues last quality control for

A 
ingestion
- protection
- food selection 
- food avoidance
reflex
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5
Q

what are extrinsic muscles

A

orig from structures out from tongue and insert into the tongue

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6
Q

what are some exrisnnc muscles

A

genioglossus (XII)
hypoglossus “
styloglossus “
palatoglossus (X)

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7
Q

what do extrisinc muscles do

A 
change shape of tongue 
move tongue bodily
- protrude
retract
depress
elevate
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8
Q

what are intrisinc muscles

A

orig and insert within the tongue

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9
Q

what are some intrinsic muscles

A

sup long
inf long
transers
vertical

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10
Q

what does the intrisinc muscles do

A

lengthen - shorten
curling
flatten an rounding

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11
Q

what are the receptors of the tongue

A

taste buds

2000-5000

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12
Q

where are taste buds

A

hard soft palate junction
dorsal and lat
most papillae

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13
Q

some examples of taste bduds

A

circumvallate
foliate
fungiform
filiform

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14
Q

where are the location of filifirom

A

anterior tongue

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15
Q

what is strutter of filiform

A

cone shaped
CT core
keratinised epi cover tip- abrasive
non keratinised between - flexible

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16
Q

where are fungiform papillae

A

anterior part of tongue

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17
Q

wha is innervation of fungiform

A

VII acial - carried by lingual via chords tympani

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18
Q

what are fugntifiom clinically seen as

A

red spots

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19
Q

how many fungiform

A

200

20
Q

how many taste buds per papillae

A

ant - 1/18

mid tongue 1/9

21
Q

where are foliate pap found

A

lateral margin of posterior aspect

22
Q

what is the innervation of foliate pap

A

VII - anterior

IX - posterior

23
Q

how many parallel ridges

A

parallel ridges

24
Q

how many taste buds per papilla of foliate

A

117

25
Q

where ar the circumvallate

A

anterior sulcus of terminals

26
Q

what is inrvtaion of circumvallate

A

IX glossopharyngeal

27
Q

how many circumvallate pap

A

3-13

252 taste buds per pap

28
Q

what is imp for slaiva

A

taste
solvent
transport
bathe in saliva and fluid form von ebner

29
Q

what doe the serous glands of von ebner do

A

diffusion pathway
remove stimulus by active secretion
secrete binding protein

30
Q

what is the basic structure of taste bud

A

tongue surface - taste pore (pore substance)
epi cells type 1,2,3
lamina propria - nerves and base type 4 cells

31
Q

what are type 1 cells

A

dark cells
support cells
prod taste pore substance

32
Q

what re type 2 cells

A

light cells
immature type 3
support cells
receptors

33
Q

what are type3 cells

A

RECEPTORS

synoptically couple to gustatory nerves

34
Q

wat are type 4 cells

A

precursors of type 1-3

35
Q

how can taste bd cell tun rover be seen

A

autoradiography

36
Q

what is the turnover of taste buds lie

A

10 life span

seance 4,1,2,3

37
Q

what si the nerve supply for post, ant and epiglottis taste buds

A

post 1/3 - IX
ant 2/3 - VII - chord tymp
epi - X

38
Q

what are the afferents in the taste bud

A

a delta
non myelinated
fine

39
Q

do taste buds have efferent effects

A

yes if remove nerve supply the pap and taste buds disappear

40
Q

where are non lingual taste buds oudn

A

soft palate and/ or epiglottis
not on pap
slightly elevated areas

41
Q

what are the receptor mechanism

A

transduction
chem stim –> electrical stim
prob type 3 or 2 cells

42
Q

what is recep mech for salt

A

sircet entry Na ion = depo

43
Q

what is recep mech for sour

A

citric acid - lemon
free H+ blocks post channels
= depo

44
Q

what is recep mech for sweet and bitter

A

secondary messenger pathway

blocks potassium channel = depo

45
Q

give full maple of rep mech

A 
depo receptor cell potential 
open voltage gated calcium channels 
increase intracellular free calcium 
release neurotransmitter
depo afferent nerve ensigns

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