Tongue and Taste Buds Flashcards
what are the functions of the tongue in terns of ingestion
mastication - direct food
suckling
swallow
cleansing mouth
what are the functions of the tongue in terms of sensory
taste?gustation
touch/mechanorecepton
what else tongue inv in
speech
what is the tongues last quality control for
ingestion - protection - food selection - food avoidance reflex
what are extrinsic muscles
orig from structures out from tongue and insert into the tongue
what are some exrisnnc muscles
genioglossus (XII)
hypoglossus “
styloglossus “
palatoglossus (X)
what do extrisinc muscles do
change shape of tongue move tongue bodily - protrude retract depress elevate
what are intrisinc muscles
orig and insert within the tongue
what are some intrinsic muscles
sup long
inf long
transers
vertical
what does the intrisinc muscles do
lengthen - shorten
curling
flatten an rounding
what are the receptors of the tongue
taste buds
2000-5000
where are taste buds
hard soft palate junction
dorsal and lat
most papillae
some examples of taste bduds
circumvallate
foliate
fungiform
filiform
where are the location of filifirom
anterior tongue
what is strutter of filiform
cone shaped
CT core
keratinised epi cover tip- abrasive
non keratinised between - flexible
where are fungiform papillae
anterior part of tongue
wha is innervation of fungiform
VII acial - carried by lingual via chords tympani
what are fugntifiom clinically seen as
red spots
how many fungiform
200
how many taste buds per papillae
ant - 1/18
mid tongue 1/9
where are foliate pap found
lateral margin of posterior aspect
what is the innervation of foliate pap
VII - anterior
IX - posterior
how many parallel ridges
parallel ridges
how many taste buds per papilla of foliate
117
where ar the circumvallate
anterior sulcus of terminals
what is inrvtaion of circumvallate
IX glossopharyngeal
how many circumvallate pap
3-13
252 taste buds per pap
what is imp for slaiva
taste
solvent
transport
bathe in saliva and fluid form von ebner
what doe the serous glands of von ebner do
diffusion pathway
remove stimulus by active secretion
secrete binding protein
what is the basic structure of taste bud
tongue surface - taste pore (pore substance)
epi cells type 1,2,3
lamina propria - nerves and base type 4 cells
what are type 1 cells
dark cells
support cells
prod taste pore substance
what re type 2 cells
light cells
immature type 3
support cells
receptors
what are type3 cells
RECEPTORS
synoptically couple to gustatory nerves
wat are type 4 cells
precursors of type 1-3
how can taste bd cell tun rover be seen
autoradiography
what is the turnover of taste buds lie
10 life span
seance 4,1,2,3
what si the nerve supply for post, ant and epiglottis taste buds
post 1/3 - IX
ant 2/3 - VII - chord tymp
epi - X
what are the afferents in the taste bud
a delta
non myelinated
fine
do taste buds have efferent effects
yes if remove nerve supply the pap and taste buds disappear
where are non lingual taste buds oudn
soft palate and/ or epiglottis
not on pap
slightly elevated areas
what are the receptor mechanism
transduction
chem stim –> electrical stim
prob type 3 or 2 cells
what is recep mech for salt
sircet entry Na ion = depo
what is recep mech for sour
citric acid - lemon
free H+ blocks post channels
= depo
what is recep mech for sweet and bitter
secondary messenger pathway
blocks potassium channel = depo
give full maple of rep mech
depo receptor cell potential open voltage gated calcium channels increase intracellular free calcium release neurotransmitter depo afferent nerve ensigns
