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Oral Biology > Amelogenesis > Flashcards

Amelogenesis Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the percentage of mineral, matrix and water in enamel

A

mineral - 96%
matrix - 1-2%
water - 2%

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2
Q

why is there so little matrix in enamel

A

no structure in enamel
tenants of developmental proteins
doesnt contain collagen

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3
Q

what si the % of mineral, matrix and water in dentine

A

mineral - 70%
matrix - 20%
water - 10%

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4
Q

what si the % of mineral, matrix and water in cementum

A

mineral - 65%
matrix - 23%
water - 12%

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5
Q

what is the % of mineral, matrix and water in bone

A

mineral - 60%
matrix - 25%
water - 15%

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6
Q

what is enamel predominantly composed f

A

96% mineral - hydroxyapatite

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7
Q

what is enamel

A

mineralised epithelial product

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8
Q

what does the organic matrix contain

A

1-2%
enamel proteins (remnant of development)
not collagen

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9
Q

how much water in enamel

A

2%

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10
Q

when does enamel start t form

A

after dentine mineralises

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11
Q

what ar pre ameloblatss

A 
long columnar 
epi cells tight bound tight junctional complex 
polarised nuc
going to prod enamel 
organelles fro synthesis
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12
Q

what are some organelles used in synthesis

A

RER
golgi
sec vesicles
mito

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13
Q

when does enamel formation begin

A

when basal lamina disintegrates

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14
Q

when enamel formation begins what happens to the amelobast

A

retreats up and out the way

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15
Q

what shape change occurs to the amelobalt in enamel prodction

A

tomes process

prism shape of enamel

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16
Q

what si the final cue for amelogenesis to start

A

dentine formation

breakdown basal lamina

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17
Q

what is an ameloblast secrete

A

organic matrix - immediate partial mineralisation

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18
Q

what is the mineralised enamel matured by

A

influx of mineral ions - CA and phosphate

breakdowns dnremoval of organic matrix

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19
Q

what state is the organic matrix

A

amorphous gel

20
Q

what is the enamel matrix composed of

A

amelogenins 90%
enamelling 20%
tuftelin
enzymes

21
Q

what does enamels do

A

strongly bond to mineral

22
Q

where is tuftelin confined to

A

ADJ

23
Q

what re the enzymes for in the enamel matrix

A

as crystals expand the proteins have to be broken down

24
Q

what are amelogenisn rich in

A

proline and glutamine

25
Q

what features amelogeneisn cause good aggregation

A

hydrophobic

26
Q

where are amelogensins found

A

spread throughout the developing enamel thickness

27
Q

amelogenisns are thixotropic what does that mean

A

flows under certain conditions but remains fairly solid under conditions
changes under gentle pressure

28
Q

what si the role of enamel proteins

A

nucleation of hydroxyapatite - epitactic matrix template
orientate and stablise crystal growth
broken down and lost during maturation

29
Q

wha si the initial secretion of enamel like

A

virtually immediate mineralisation
15% mineral
65% water
20% proteins

30
Q

what mineralisation takes place of he enamel after the intel secretion

A

rapid mineralisation 30% ‘immature/young’ enamel

maturation
further mineralisation 96%

31
Q

what is maturation of enamel

A

thin crystals grow in thickness

32
Q

what does maturation of enamel require

A

mineral ions IN

enamel matrix OUT

33
Q

what does amelogenein do in maturation

A

flows under pressure - thixotropic
enzymes break down amelogensin
bulk breakdown products removed

34
Q

what si the enamelling origin

A

produced by amelobasts or product of their breakdown

35
Q

the matter that flows out ——-

A

amelogenins

36
Q

the matrix that reminds ——

A

enamellin

bind tight hydroxyapatite

37
Q

what happens to the tomes process in maturation

A

once most of enamel thickness laid down the tomes process is lost

38
Q

what is the last formed enamel termed to be

A

aprismatic

no tomes process

39
Q

what is formed when maturation is complete

A

enamel cuticle

40
Q

what si the enamel cuticle secreted by

A

final ameloblast sec

41
Q

how thick is the enamel cuticle

A

1 nanometres

42
Q

when is reduced enamel epi produced

A

from when enamel formation is complete

43
Q

what is reduced enamel epi derived from

A

reduced ameloblasts

remnants of enamel organ OEE

44
Q

what si the reduced enamleepi attached to

A

the cuticle

45
Q

what si the function of the reduced enamel epithelia

A

protection enamel surface from resorp, prevent cemtnum form
provide epi lined path for eruption
forms junctional epi

46
Q

what it he fate of the REE

A

reduced enamel epi
fusion of basal lamina
cel death
junctional epi

Oral Biology (23 decks)

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