Tobacco Cessation Part I Flashcards
what are the smoking tobacco products and what is the nicotine content per single use of each
- pipe tobacco: 30.09-50mg
- cigars: 13.3-15.4mg
- hookah: 1.04-2.24mg
- cigarette: 1.2-1.8mg
- E-cigarette: 0.0-15.4mg
how many chemicals are inhaled in a cig
more than 7,000
how many chemicals in cigs are carcinogens
70
what cancers areas are linked to smoking
- oropharynx
- larynx
- esophagus
- trachea, bronchi, lung
- AML
- stomach
-pancreas
-kidney and ureter - cervix
- bladder
what chronic diseases are linked to smoking
- stroke
- blindness, cataracts
- periodontitis
- aortic aneurysm
- coronary heart disease
- pneumonia
- vascular diseases
- respiratory effects
- COPD
- hip fractures
- reproductive effects
what health consequences are linked to secondhand smoke exposure in children
- middle ear disease
- respiratory symptoms
- impaired lung function
- lower respiratory illness
- SIDS
what health consequences are linked to secondhand smoke exposure in adults
- nasal irritation
- lung cancer
- coronary heart disease
- reproductive effects in women: low birth weight
what cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death in us in men and women
lung
smoking accounts for more than ____ of lung cancer cases in men and _____ in women
90%;89%
what are the effects of smoking in the mouth
- bad breath
- periodontal (gum) disease
- sore throat/hoarseness
- reduced smell/taste
- unhealthy tissue
- delayed healing
- oral/throat cancer
- teeth staining
- poor response to dental treatment
- oral lesions- sores on mouth, lips and tongue
what are the smokeless tobacco products and how much nicotine is in each use
- snus: 8.0mg
- chew: 4.5mg
- snuff: 3.6mg
- orbs: 1.0mg
- strips: 0.6mg
how many chemicals in smokeless tobacco products cause cancer
28
what are the smokeless tobacco effects on the mouth
- bad breath
- irritates and inflames tissue
- tissue changes
- oral cancer
- increased risk of tooth decay
- painful ulcers
- teeth stainings
- periodontal/gum disease
how many americans are diagnosed with oral/pharyngeal cancer every year and how many die every year
- 42,000
- 8,000 die
whaat percentage of oral/pharyngeal cancer can be attributed to tobacco use and/or heavy alcohol consumption
75%
what percentage of leukoplakias are caused by tobacco use
70%
what percent of adults over 18 use e-cigs
4.7%
what percent of high school students use e-cigs
14.1%
what percent of middle school students use e-cigs
3.3%
what is the e-cig device type of choice
disposables at 55.3%
what is vaping
- act of inhaling and exhaling the aerosol, often referred to as vapor which is produced by an e-cig or similar device
- do not product tobacco smoke
- aerosol produced often mistaken for water vapor
- contains fine particles
what is vapor in vaping generated from
- a solid, semi- solid, or liquid substances
what are the components of the vape
- battery
- heating element
- atomizer
- cartridge/pod
- indicator light
what are the e-liquid ingredients
- vegetable glycerin
- propylene glycol
- flavorings
- nicotine
- diacetyl
- benzoic acid
ingredients in e-cigs are evaluated for ingestion but not:
inhalation and heat
how long can e-cig liqiud remain on surfaces
weeks to months
- potential for second hand exposure or accidental ingestion by children
can nicotine cross placenta
yes
how does e-cig affect pregnancy
may cause adverse effects during or after pregnancy
describe nicotine salts
- smoother hits- more like a cigarette rush
- higher nicotine concentrations
- potential to be more addictive
- 1.8%-0.5% nicotine solutions availabel
- each pod contains same amount of nicotine as an entire pack of cigarettes
what is in the aerosol of vapes
- volatile organic compounds
- nicotine
- ultrafine particles
- heavy metals- nickel, tin, lead
what health concerns are associated with vapes
- increased heart rate due to spike in adrenaline: higher risk for MI
- increased BP
- increase in bronchitis
- increase in. lung disease: popcorn lung
- may cause blood sugar levels to rise
what are the effects of vaping on oral health
- chemical vapors produced can alter or damage epithelial cells
- oral ulcerations
- oral cancer may result
- indicated an inflammatory response in the PDL fibroblasts- greater risk for perio disease
- sore throat
- dry mouth
- stimulant: increases bruxism
- heat and chemicals cause dry mouth, bone loss, inflammation, increased plaque and calculus, tooth decay
what are other concerns with vaping
- burns from device batteries/explosions
- nicotine poisoning/overdose: pods can leak solution, nicotine rapidly absorbed via skin
- second hand aerosol exposure
- environmental concerns
