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Patient Care 3 > Dentrifices > Flashcards

Dentrifices Flashcards

1
Q

what are the components of dentrifice

A
  • fluoride
  • abrasive
  • humectant
  • binder
  • surfactant
  • favoring agent
  • sweeteners
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2
Q

what are abrasive agents in dentrifice

A

-silicas
- carbonates
- phosphates

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3
Q

what are the polishing agents in dentrifices

A
  • aluminum
  • calcium
  • tin
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4
Q

abrasiveness depends on:

A
  • hardness of abrasive
  • size
  • shape
  • brushing technique
  • pressure of brush
  • hardness of bristles
  • direction of brushing stroke
  • number of strokes
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5
Q

what are the humectants in dentrifices

A
  • sorbitol
  • manitol
  • glycerin
  • propylene glycol
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6
Q

what do humectants do

A
  • maintain moisture
  • prevent evaporation/hardening
  • increase shelf life
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7
Q

what are the binders in dentrifce

A
  • natural gums- seaweed extracts
  • synthetic - cellulose
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8
Q

what do binders do

A
  • thickening agent
  • stabilizes- prevents solids from settling out
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9
Q

what is the main reason patients purchase dentrifice

A

flavoring agents

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10
Q

flavor needs to be:

A
  • pleasant
  • immediate
  • long lasting
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11
Q

synthetic options in flavoring agents:

A
  • mint options
  • vanilla
  • cinnamon
  • citrus
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12
Q

essential oils in flavoring agents:

A
  • thymol
  • menthol
  • eucalyptol methyl salicylate
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13
Q

what are the non- cariogenic sweeteners

A
  • saccharin
  • cyclamate
  • sorbitol
  • mannitol
  • glycerin
  • xylitol
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14
Q

what sweetening agents also serve as humectants

A
  • sorbitol
  • mannitol
  • glycerin
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15
Q

what are surfactants also called

A

foaming agents or detergents

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16
Q

describe surfactants

A
  • stable/compatible
  • some antibacterial properties
  • flavor easy to mask
  • low surface tension
  • most common in US is sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)
  • products are available without SLS
17
Q

what are the therapeutic options for toothpaste

A
  • anti - caries
  • anti- gingivitis
  • anti- hypersensitivity
18
Q

what are the other categories of toothpaste

A
  • baking soda
  • hydroxyapatite
  • anti- calculus
  • whitening
  • natural
19
Q

all ADA accepted toothpastes contain____

A

fluoride

20
Q

no ADA accepted toothpaste contain ____

A

sugar

21
Q

what is the lowest percentage that a therapeutic ingredient at least be in toothpaste

A

1.0%

22
Q

describe anti- caries therapeutic toothpaste

A
  • fluoride
  • sodium fluoride (NaF) - 0.22% at 1,100 ppm
  • sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) - 0.76% at 1,000 ppm
  • stannous fluroide (SnF2) - 0.4% at 1,000 ppm
  • most OTC toothpastes are 1,000 ppm
23
Q

describe anti- gingivitis therapeutic toothpastes

A
  • stannous fluoride
  • reported activity against:
    -caries
  • plaque- antimicrobial
  • gingivitis- gingival bleeding
  • calculus control
    -sensitivity
24
Q

describe anti- hypersensitivity therapeutic toothpastes

A
  • potassium nitrate: penetrates through the length of dentinal tubules, depolarizes sensory nerve endings
  • stannous fluoride: blocking of exposed dentinal tubules
  • ADA seal for anti hypersensitivity effects
25
Q

what do baking soda toothpastes contain

A
  • sodium bicarbonate
  • silicate
  • fluoride
26
Q

describe baking soda toothpastes

A
  • may have ADA seal
  • not due to baking soda effects
  • baking soda toothpastes are no more effective than regular toothpaste
27
Q

describe toothpaste with hydroxyapatite

A
  • newer ingredient
  • lab generated
  • non-toxic
  • biocompatible
  • may be used in conjuction with fluoride
  • often paired with xylitol
28
Q

describe anti- calculus dentrifices

A
  • tartar control toothpaste: crystalline growth inhibitors interrupt process of mineralization
  • soluble pyrophosphates
  • ADA seal NOT awarded for anti-calculus claim
29
Q

what are polishing or chemical agents that remove stain

A
  • hydrated silica
  • titanium dioxide
  • hydrogen peroxide
  • carbamide peroxide
30
Q

when were guideliens for whitening products implemented

A

may 1998

31
Q

whitening toothpastes control stain via:

A
  • physical methods
  • abrasives
  • chemical mechanisms
  • surface active agents or bleaching/oxidizing agents
32
Q
A

Patient Care 3 (22 decks)

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