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Patient Care 3 > Dentinel Sensitivity > Flashcards

Dentinel Sensitivity Flashcards

1
Q

what are the components in dentin

A
  • organic components
  • inorganic components
  • dentinal tubules
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2
Q

describe dentinal tubules

A
  • run from pulp to the outer dentinal surface
  • contain Tomes fibers
  • three types of nerve fibers
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3
Q

dentinal tubules can be ____ or _____

A

open; plugged

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4
Q

where are the tomes fibers

A

extend into the dentinal tubules from the odontooblasts
- communicate with the pulp

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5
Q

what are the types of nerve fibers

A
  • A delta
  • A beta
  • C
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6
Q

what causes hypersensitive dentin

A
  • tubules open to cavity
  • large number of tubules
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7
Q

describe the smear layer

A
  • deposit of salivary proteins
  • debris from toothpaste and other matter
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8
Q

what is brannstrom’s hydrodynamic theory

A
  • stimuli are transmitted to the pulp surface due to the movement of fluid or semi fluid within open dentinal tubules
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9
Q

what is the etiology of dentinal hypersensitivity

A
  • gingival recession
  • mulitple factors
  • enamel loss
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10
Q

what is dentinal sensitivity

A

short, sharp pain when stimulus reaches exposed dentin

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11
Q

what are the factors that affect dentin sensitivity

A
  • thermal
    -chemical
  • tactile
  • evaporative
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12
Q

what is the most common factor causing dentinal hypersensitivity

A

thermal

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13
Q

what causes gingical recession

A
  • anatomy of labial plate
  • periodontal disease
  • frenum involvement
  • toothrbush abrasion
  • poor oral hygiene
  • inadequate attached gingiva
  • periodontal surgery
  • iatrogenic loss
  • aggressive scaling/root planing
  • acute or chronic trauma
  • occlusal trauma
  • excessive oral hygiene
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14
Q

what are the common factors of erosion

A
  • acid reflux disease
  • bulimia
  • frequency of acidic food/drink
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15
Q

what is the prevalence of enamel loss

A
  • all age ranges but higher incidence in 20-40 year old age group
  • females more prone
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16
Q

what is the common site of occurence of enamel loss

A

buccal and labial surfaces
- canine/premolar
- incisors
- 2nd premolars and molars

17
Q

what diagnoses do you need to exclude in sensitivity

A
  • dental caries
  • fractured teeth
  • fractured restorations
18
Q

what causes exposed dentin

A
  • enamel loss
  • gingival recession
19
Q

how can you limit hypersensitivity

A

modify patient behaviors
- dietary modifications
- teeth whitening

20
Q

what can cause enamel loss

A
  • abrasion
  • erosion
  • abfraction
21
Q

what are the treatment options in office for dentinal hypersensitivity

A

-varnishes/precipitates
- primers
- placement of restorations
- composite resin based
- restorations with glass ionomer

22
Q

is erosion irreversible

A

no

23
Q

what are the treatment options for at home dentinal hypersensitivity and mode of action

A
  • dentrifics, gels, rinses
  • mode of action: depolarizes nerve endings, tubule occlusion
24
Q

what are the products we use in office

A
  • gluteraldehyde/HEMA based agents
  • 5% sodium fluoride varnish
25
Q

what does gluteraldehyde/HEMA based agents do

A
  • reduce hypersensitivity immediately after treatment
  • reduced dentin permeability
26
Q

what does 5% sodium fluoride varnish do

A
  • forms a barrier over exposed dentin
  • relief provided by calcium fluoride deposits
27
Q

what is the product used as an in office treatment/at home treatment and what is mechanism of action and how is it used

A
  • MI paste
  • recaldent (CCP-ACP)
  • casein phosphopeptide- amrophous calcium phosphate
  • mechanism of action: replaces calcium and phosphate ions
  • use: apply with prophy cup or if at home after brushing
28
Q

diagnosis of hypersensitivity is one of:

A

exclusion

29
Q

how do at home treatments work

A
  • interference with neural transmission
  • tubule occlusion
30
Q

how do at home treatments interfere with neural transmission

A
  • dentrifices containing 5% potassium nitrate
  • works by penetrating the length of the tubule to depolarize the nerve endings
  • frequent and regular applications are needed
31
Q

what ingredients in at home treatments cause tubule occlusion

A
  • main active ingredient is fluoride
  • stannous fluride- most commonyl used
  • arginine and calcium cabronate
  • hydroxyapatite
  • prescription strength fluoride toothpaste
32
Q

what is the strength of prescription strength fluoride toothpaste

A

-5,000 ppm
- 1.1% sodium fluoride
- prevident

33
Q
A

Patient Care 3 (22 decks)

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