Mouth Rinses Flashcards
define adverse effect
harmful to patient
define side effect
may be harmful, useful or beneficial
describe compliance
ability of patient to follow through/motivation to use product
describe substantivity
ability of an agent to absorb to teeth and surfaces and be released at therapeutic levels
describe cosmetic
pleasant taste/sensation, decrease microorganisms, halitosis control
describe therapeutic
reduction in plaque, gingivitis and/or caries
describe efficacy
the quality of being successful in producing an intended result
what are the types of mount rinses
- cosmetic
- therapeutic
describe cosmetic mouth rinses
- available OTC
- helps to enhance taste in mouth
describe therapeutic mouth rinses
- available over the counter or prescription
- help reduce/control plaque, gingivitis, halitosis, caries, xerostomia
what are the purposes of mouth rinses
- used to flush food debris from the oral cavity
- freshen breath
- deposit fluoride on teeth
- available in liquid form
- primarily cosmetic benefit
what is the traditional, cosmetic purpose for mouth rinse
fresh breath
what contributes to halitosis
bacteria and plaque accumulation
what percentage of halitosis orgininates from oral cavity
90%
what percentage of halitosis results from systemic or nonoral cause
10%
mouth rinses have no effect on breath after _____
3-5 hours
do mouth rinses have antibacterial function
no
what do mouth rinses usually contain
-flavoring agent
- astringent refreshing the mouth
what are the active ingredients in mouth rinses and what do they do
- sanguinarie
- ammonium compounds- CPC, added to reduce bad breath
- phenolic compounds: low substantivity
- fluoride: reduces incidence of caries
- chlorhexidine: helps control plaque and gingivitis
- stannous fluoride: helps control plaque and gingivitis
- essential oils: helps control plaque and gingivitis
- triclosan : reduced production of plaque and gingivitis
what is the mechanism of action of chlorhexidine, stannous fluoride, and essential oils
chemotherapeutic effect against plaque/biofilm accumulation as they decrease the amount of free floating planktonic bacteria, by binding their positive ions to the bacterias negative ions resulting in cell lysis
what is the mechanism of action of triclosan
chemical inhibitor of fatty acid synthesis which is required for lipid production in the bacteria which in turn eventually kills the cell
what is alcohol used for
a solvent, taste enhancer, and an agent providing aftertaste - burn
what are the negative effects of alcohol containing mouth rinses
burning mouth, drying of oral tissues, risk of oral cancer
what are the regulations for prescriptions and over the counter products
- FDA protects consumers from useless/harmful products
- therapeutic claims must have research to support claim
- evaluaetes prescription/OTC products
what is the council on scientific affair of the ADA
- voluntary program that companies pay into
- helps consumers may wise choices
- new submissions cost $14,500 to evaluate and $3,500 to maintain
what must toothpastes contain to get the ADA seal
fluoride
do we recommend based on ADA only
no
if a listerine product has zero in its name then:
NO alcohol is present
what are the active ingredients in listerine if the claim is for gum health or tartar control
essential oils
what are the active ingredients in listerine if the claim is for cavity protection
sodium fluoride 0.02%
how many listerine mouth washes are there
18
how many ACT mouth rinses are there
6
what is the active ingredient in ACT
Sodium fluoride 0.05%
what is the active ingredient in ACT whitening mouth wash
sodium fluoride 0.02%
what brand makes scope brand of mouth rinses
Crest
whitening mouth washes usually use _____ as whitening agent
hydrogen peroxide
what is colgate peroxyl helpful for
mouth sores as it has 1.5% hydrogen peroxide
what active ingredient in colgate ortho defense
sodium fluoride 0.04%
what is the active ingredient is Closys
CPC 0.075% or sodium fluoride 0.05%
what are the mouth rinses and sprays for xerostomia
- biotene
- oasis
- spry
what is the most effective antiplaque agent
chlorhexidine gluconate
is chlorhexidine OTC
no
what is chlorhexidine gluconate
a cationic compound that binds to hydroxyapatite of tooth enamel, pelicle, plaque, ECM of plaque, and mucous membrane
CHX absorbed to hydroxyapatite is believed to:
inhibit bacterial colonization and prevent pellicle formation
how long does CHX work for
8-12 hours
when is CHX used
-during perio therapy
- after surgery
- irrigate perio pockets following SRP which can decrease inflammation and subgingival plaque accumulation
what is the alcohol concentration in CHX
12%
what is the concentration of CHX in non alcohol form
0.12%
is there a difference in efficacy of alcohol and alcohol free CHX
no
do alcohol and alcohol free CHX have FDA approval and ADA seal of approval
FDA approval but no ADA seal of approval
how long should CHX be used
short term use only
what are the disadvantages of CHX
stains teeth and alters taste buds
how do you use CHX
- brush/floss prior to rinsing
- dispense 15m:, apply 1 tablespoon twice per day for 30 seconds
- do not rinse with water after, wait 30 minutes
why do you brush/floss before rinsing with CHX
because toothpaste inactivates the mechanism of action of CHX
what are the pros of CHX
- antimicrobial affect on bacteria, fungus, viruses
- aids in management of periodontitis, caries, peri-implantitis, infections associated with extractions
- gold standard following most oral surgeries
what are the cons of CHX
- stains teeth with prolonged use
- can cause metallic taste with excessive use
- can cause black hairy tongue appearance
- supragingival calculus
- requires prescription
- should not be used long term
what is similar to CHX
salt water mouth rinse
what are the benefits to saltwater rinse
inexpensive, easily accessible
how do you use salt water mouth rinse
1 cup warm water to 1 teaspoon salt, mix well, rinse in mouth for 30 seconds then spit
when do you use mouth rinses
- based upon need - caries, gingivitis, perio, sx
- patients who have manual dexterity issues and need assistance with plaque control
- pre/post surgery
- mouth sores- colgate peroxyl
what are the negative outcomes of mouth rinse use
- alters natural microbiome that occurs in the oral cavity
- dries out oral mucosa
- causes imbalances in pH levels
- may worsen halitosis
- may cause ulcers/increased risk for oral cancer
- may contribute to development of gingivitis
what is the claim with oil pulling
reduced inflammatino/improves gingival health
what is oil pulling
- ancient ayurvedic practice of swishing oil in your mouth for several minutes
- originated in India centuries ago
- coconut oil is ideal
how do you oil pull
- floss/brush your teeth before you start oil pulling
- place a tablespoon of oil in your mouth
- swish the oil in your mouth for 1-3 minutes
- spit out the oil in the trash can
- rinse with water
how often do you oil pull with gingivitis/periodontitis
once per day
how often do you oil pull if you have good oral health
1-2 times per week
what are the best oils to use with oil pulling
- coconut, sesame, safflower, sunflower, olive
- anything that is cold-pressed or organic oil
what does oil pulling not do
- does not replace brushing and flossing
- does not cure TMJ
- does not loosen crowns or fillings
- doesnt whiten teeth
- doesnt cure diseases
- doesnt pull toxins from your blood stream
