Tissues Flashcards
What are the 4 different groups of tissues in the body?
- Neural Tissue
- Muscle Tissue
- Connective Tissue
- Epithelia Tissue
In Epithelial Tissue how can cells be arranged?
- Simple (1 layer)
- Stratified (many layers)
- Pseudostratified ( 1 Layer that looks like many)
What different cell shapes are there in epithelial tissue?
- Cuboidal (cuboid)
- Squamos (flattened)
- Columnar (tall, thin)
- Transitional (change shape)
Squamos Tissue, properties and use:
1- Simple Squamos- Reduces friction/absorption/secretion -> lining blood vessels and alveoli
2- Stratified squamos - provides physical protection against pathogens, chemicals and scratching -> skin top layer or toungue surface
Cuboidal Tissue, properties and uses:
- All cuboidal provide protection, secretion and absorption
Simple or stratified -> in glands and duct linings
Columnar Tissue, properties and uses:
All types provide protection
Simple - secretion, absorption -> lining of intestines/stomach
Pseudostratified - secretion, movement of mucus with microvilli -> lining of nasal cavity, trachea and bronchi
Stratified - extra protection -> lining of cavities in the skull
Transitional Tissue, properties and uses:
- Allows for expansion and recoil -> walls of the bladder
Difference between simple and compound glands?
simple have 1 duct
Compound have many ducts
list the simple gland shapes:
1- Tubular
2- Coiled
3- Branched
4- Alveolar (bulb)
How does a merocrine gland work?
- Cells excrete substances via exocytosis of vesicles
How does an Apocrine gland work?
- Cells excrete substances by pinching off part of the cytoplasm
How does a Holocrine gland work?
- Cells excrete substances by bursting to release the cell content
What makes up connective Tissue?
1- Fibres
2- Cells
3- Ground substance
What is ground substance?
A mixture of fluid (blood/lymph), minerals (bone) and cartilage (gel like)
what cell type is the first connective tissue of the embryo made of?
mesenchymal cells
What 2 types of loose connective tissue are there?
1) Adipose connective tissue
2) Reticular connective tissue
what are the properties of the 2 types of loose connective tissue?
Adipose - insulation, cushioning, energy storage
Reticular - Supporting framework
what 3 types of dense connective tissue are there?
1) Dense Regular Connective Tissue
2) Dense Irregular Connective Tissue
3) Elastic Tissue
Structure and use of Dense Regular Connective tissue:
- parallel collagen fibres so super strong tensile
- > Tendons (attaching bone to muscle)
Structure and use of Dense Irregular Connective Tissue:
- Non-Parallel collagen fibres, so quite strong when pulled in any direction
- > Protective capsule layer
Structure and use of Elastic connective tissue:
- made of Elastic fibres which stabilize joints, cushions shock and can expand
- > Walls of blood vessels eg aorta
What 3 types of Cartilage tissue are there?
1) Hyaline Cartilage
2) Fibrocartilage
3) Elastic Cartilage
Structure and use of Hyaline Cartilage:
- made of gel and chondrocytes (cartilage cells)
- > Covering bone tips in synovial joints
Structure and use of fibrocartilage:
- Resists compression to prevent bone-bone contact
- > intervertebral discs, pads in knees
