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A&P > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Principle tissue types

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

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2
Q

Epithelial tissue is found where and function

A

Lines inside organs and funtction is secretion, excretion, absorption

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3
Q

Connective tissue found where and functions

A

Found in bone and cartilage and functions supports body and parts and has protection functions i.e. Blood

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4
Q

Muscle tissue is found where and functions

A

In the muscles, built to shorten, causing movement or contraction

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5
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Most complex, communication and integration, controls everything else

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6
Q

2 types of epithelial tissues

A

Membranous and glandular

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7
Q

Membranous epithelial

A

Covers body surfaces, lines cavities, tracts, vessels

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8
Q

Glandular epithelial

A

Clumps or cords

Secretory units of endocrine and Exocrine glands

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9
Q

Generalizations on epithelial

A
  • limited amount of matrix
  • membranous attached to basement membrane
  • avascular
  • capable of reproduction
  • tend to be polar
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10
Q

Main functions of epithelial

A

Protection, control permeability, sensation, secretion

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11
Q

Cilia (epithelial)

A

Found in respiratory, moves material out of lungs, and reproductive, moves egg towards uterus

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12
Q

Microvilli

A

Increase surface area of cells that secret or absorb a lot

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13
Q

Types of cell connections

A
  • Demosomes: like a band of Velcro
  • Hemidesomes: attaches epithelial to basement
  • Gap junctions: channels of embedded proteins
  • Tight junctions: found in top of membranes, in the space between cells can be blocked
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14
Q

How does epithelia repair

A

Stem cells

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15
Q

Simple epithelium

A

A single layer of tissue

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16
Q

Stratified epithelium

A

Multiple layers

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17
Q

Simple squamous epithelium, and where is it found

A

One layer, things can diffuse through tissue.

Found in sacs of lungs, blood vessels, lymphatic

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18
Q

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

A

For protection and found in places that are prone to friction or damage

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19
Q

Non keratinized Stratified squamous epithelium and where is it found

A

For protection, lines vagina, mouth, esophagus

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20
Q

Simple Cuboidal epithelia, where is it found

A

One layer of cuboidal cells, found in ducts that connect glands to surface

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21
Q

Stratified cuboidal epithelium and where is it found

A

Two or more rows of cells and found in sweat glands and pharynx

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22
Q

Where is transitional epithelium found

A

Lines organs subject to stress and that need to stretch i.e. Urethra and urinary bladder

Often 10 or more layers thick

23
Q

Simple columnar epithelia

A 
Single columnar layer, found in stomach, large and sm intestine 
cells often modified per function 
Goblet cells (secretion)
Cilia (movement)
Microvilli (absorbtion)
24
Q

Pseudostratified columnar found

A

Lines air passages and segments of male reproductive system

25
Q

Stratified columnar epithelium

A

Very rare found in urethra and near anus

26
Q

Glandular epithelium

A

Specialized for secretion
Exocrine glands- onto body surface like perspire on skin or saliva
Endocrine glands- into blood or interstitial fluid

27
Q

3 classifications of exocrine glands

A

Merocrine
Aprocrine
Holocrine

28
Q

Define merocrine glands

A

Secrete through cell membrane (exocytosis)

Most numerous gland type

29
Q

Define apocrine glands

A

Uses part of cell for secretion, mammary glands

30
Q

Holocrine glands

A

Secretion products cause cell death, sebaceous glands

31
Q

Connective tissue characteristics

A

Most widespread and has extra cellular matrix made up of fibers, few cells and are vascular

32
Q

General functions of connective tissue

A
  • connect muscles, bones
  • transport blood and lymphatic systems
  • protect delicate organs
  • support framework
  • storage of fat/energy
33
Q

3 types of connective tissue

A
  • Connective tissue proper (fiberous)
  • Fluid connective tissues
  • Supporting connective tissues
34
Q

cells found in connective tissue proper

A 
Fibroblasts 
Adipose 
Macrophages 
Mast cells
Lymphocytes 
Melanocytes
35
Q

Connective tissue fibers

A

Collagen-strength
Reticular-gives framework
Elastic-allows stretch

36
Q

Loose connective tissue

A

Helps connect different tissues and acts like glue, stretchable
Found around organs for protection

37
Q

Reticular tissue where is it found and function

A

Bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen and mesh work filters things out

38
Q

3 types of Dense connective tissue

A
  • Dense Regular fibrous connective tissue-fiber bundles parallel i.e. Knee ligament
  • dense irregular fibrous connective tissue-fibers intertwine like a mat i.e. Around Kidney
  • elastic tissue-elastic fibers-between vertebrae in spine
39
Q

Types of fluid connective tissue

A

Blood and lymph

40
Q

Blood connective tissue formed elements

A

Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets

41
Q

Blood connective tissue functions

A

Transport
Regulation of body temp
Regulation of pH

42
Q

Lymph

A

Contains no blood cells

43
Q

Types of supporting connective tissues

A

Cartilage and bone

44
Q

Cartilage function

A

Shock absorption
Protects ends of bone
Growth of long bone

45
Q

Three types of cartilage

A
  • Hyaline- most common found in ribs, sternum and tip of nose
  • elastic- flexible returns to shape found in external ear
  • fibrocartilage- strongest found in pelvic bones
46
Q

Three types of muscle

Tissue

A

Skeletal, cardiac,smooth

47
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Voluntary, striated, multiple nuclei and found in arms and legs

48
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Involuntary, striated, one nucleus and found in heart

49
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Involuntary, smooth, one nucleus and found in digestive organs and bladder

50
Q

Nervous tissue function

And where found

A

Rapid regulation and integration of body activities found in brain, spinal cord, nerves

51
Q

Cell types of nervous tissue

A

Neuron and neuroglia

52
Q

Dendrites

A

Carry info towards cell body

53
Q

Axon

A

Carry away from cell

Body

A&P (17 decks)

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