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A&P > Chapt 6 Bone Tissue > Flashcards

Chapt 6 Bone Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

2 organs in the skeletal system

A

Bones and ligaments

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2
Q

5 major functions

A 
Support
Mineral and lipid storage 
Hematopoiesis 
Protection 
Movement
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3
Q

6 majors categories

A 
Sutural 
Irregular 
Short 
Flat 
Long
Sesamoid
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4
Q

Parts of long bones

A 
Diaphysis 
Epiphysis 
Epiphyseal plate 
Articular cartilage 
Medullary cavity
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5
Q

Why is calcium important

A

Muscle function, a component of metabolic pathways, normal clotting, and transmission of nerve impulse

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6
Q

Parts of flat bone

A

Outer table, inner table, dipole

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7
Q

Bone tissue

A

Hardened extra cellular matrix, collagen, 1/3 organic and 2/3 inorganic

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8
Q

Inorganic salts

A

Harden the matrix, 85% hydroxapitite crystals (c, p), 10% various crystal salts

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9
Q

Organic salts

A

The the flexibility comes ground, ground substance, chondroitin sulfate (big elastic molecule) and glucosamine (for repair)

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10
Q

4 types of bone cells

A

Osteocytes
Osteoblasts
Osteoprogenitor
Osteoclasts

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11
Q

Compact bone

A

80%, made up of osteocytes, lucuna, canuliculi

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12
Q

Osteocytes

A

Bone cells within lacunae organized around blood vessel
Fx maintain protein and mineral content of matrix
Help repair damaged bone

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13
Q

Canaliculi

A

Pathways for blood vessels

Exchange for nutrients and waste

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14
Q

Periosteum

A

Covers outer surface of bones
Outer fibrous and inner cellular layers
Fx: pain sensing nerve ending
Cellular division and repair

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15
Q

Osteoprogenitor cells

A

Located in endosteum and divide to produce osteoblasts

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16
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Destroy matrix and release calcium

17
Q

Osteon

A

Basic unit
Structural and functional
In concentric lamellae around central canal

18
Q

Concentric lamellae

A

The space between lacunae

19
Q

The structure of spongy bone

A

No osteon
Trabeculae
Space between is filled with red bone marrow

20
Q

Two main forms of ossification

A

Endochondral—Long bone

Intramembraneous—flat bones of the skull

21
Q

Histological differences between spongy and compact bone

A

Compact- basic functional unit is osteon formed around central canal, lamellae fills spaces between osteon

Spongy- no osteon, lamellae form bony plates called trabeculae

A&P (17 decks)

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