Chapt 6 Bone Tissue Flashcards
2 organs in the skeletal system
Bones and ligaments
5 major functions
Support Mineral and lipid storage Hematopoiesis Protection Movement
6 majors categories
Sutural Irregular Short Flat Long Sesamoid
Parts of long bones
Diaphysis Epiphysis Epiphyseal plate Articular cartilage Medullary cavity
Why is calcium important
Muscle function, a component of metabolic pathways, normal clotting, and transmission of nerve impulse
Parts of flat bone
Outer table, inner table, dipole
Bone tissue
Hardened extra cellular matrix, collagen, 1/3 organic and 2/3 inorganic
Inorganic salts
Harden the matrix, 85% hydroxapitite crystals (c, p), 10% various crystal salts
Organic salts
The the flexibility comes ground, ground substance, chondroitin sulfate (big elastic molecule) and glucosamine (for repair)
4 types of bone cells
Osteocytes
Osteoblasts
Osteoprogenitor
Osteoclasts
Compact bone
80%, made up of osteocytes, lucuna, canuliculi
Osteocytes
Bone cells within lacunae organized around blood vessel
Fx maintain protein and mineral content of matrix
Help repair damaged bone
Canaliculi
Pathways for blood vessels
Exchange for nutrients and waste
Periosteum
Covers outer surface of bones
Outer fibrous and inner cellular layers
Fx: pain sensing nerve ending
Cellular division and repair
Osteoprogenitor cells
Located in endosteum and divide to produce osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Destroy matrix and release calcium
Osteon
Basic unit
Structural and functional
In concentric lamellae around central canal
Concentric lamellae
The space between lacunae
The structure of spongy bone
No osteon
Trabeculae
Space between is filled with red bone marrow
Two main forms of ossification
Endochondral—Long bone
Intramembraneous—flat bones of the skull
Histological differences between spongy and compact bone
Compact- basic functional unit is osteon formed around central canal, lamellae fills spaces between osteon
Spongy- no osteon, lamellae form bony plates called trabeculae
