Tissues

Question 1

What are tissues?

Answer 1

groups of similar cells with a common function (ex: protection, movement, etc)

Question 2

histology

Answer 2

study of tissues and relationships within the organs

Question 3

hypertrophy

Answer 3

increase in cell size

Question 4

atrophy

Answer 4

decrease in cell size

Question 5

hyperplasia (hypergenesis)

Answer 5

increase in number of cells

Question 6

metaplasia

Answer 6

change in form or cell type

Question 7

nervous tissue

Answer 7

composed or neurons and glial cells

Question 8

Muscle tissue

Answer 8

made of fibers that respond to stimulation

Question 9

skeletal muscle tissue

Answer 9

-long
-banded/striated
-peripheral
-multi-nuclei
-voluntary movement

Question 10

smooth muscle tissue

Answer 10

-no bands / non-striated
-single nucleus
-short
-involuntary control
-found in visceral organs and blood vessel walls

Question 11

cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 11

-banded / striated
-single central nuclei
-intercalated disc lines
-short
-involuntary control
-found in heart

Question 12

Epithelial tissue

Answer 12

function: protection, produce secretions, absorption, diffusion, sensory reception
composed of: mostly of cells, polarity
-exposed to body cavity
-regenerative
-avascular
-innervated
-gets nutrients from diffusion

Question 13

how to categorize epithelium types

Answer 13

-number of cells: simple and stratified (also pseudostratified)
-shape of cells: squamous, cuboidal, columnar, transitional

Question 14

function of stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 14

protection
-can be keratinized (skin, protected and waterproof) or nonkeratinized (GI tract)

Question 15

function of simple squamous epithelium

Answer 15

absorption, diffusion, filter
-in kidneys, capillaries, alveoli

Question 16

endothelium

Answer 16

simple squamous epithelium that lines lumen of blood vessels and heart

Question 17

mesothelium

Answer 17

simple squamous epithelium that lines abdominal-pelvic cavity, serous membrane

Question 18

goblet cells

Answer 18

contained in simple columnar epithelium that produce mucin, unicellular glands

Question 19

Glands

Answer 19

epithelial cells that make and secrete product
-can be unicellular or multicellular (classified by structure and function)

Question 20

Exocrine glands

Answer 20

-secretions (like sweat, saliva, etc.) transported by ducts
-located by target cells

Question 21

Endocrine glands

Answer 21

-secrete hormones
-no ducts, released directly into bloodstream
-located in highly vascular areas

Question 22

3 types of exocrine glands

Answer 22

merocrine (exocytosis), holocrine (self implosion), apocrine (apical implosion)

Question 23

function of connective tissue

Answer 23

binding, support, storage, transport, immune, protection
B-SSTIP

Question 24

what does connective tissue consist of?

Answer 24

specialized cells, protein fibers, ground substance

Question 25

characteristics of connective tissue

Answer 25

highly vascular (with exceptions), regenerative, large matrix, few cells,
-has resident cells and wandering cells

Question 26

3 types of fibers:

Answer 26

-collagen: collagen protein, flexible, strong, abundant
-elastic: elastin protein, stretch, thinner than collagen
-reticular: form a net, made of protein, similar to collagen

Question 27

Mesenchyme

Answer 27

first connective tissue to emerge, gives origin to all other tissues

Question 28

Types of connective tissue

Answer 28

-connective tissue proper
-loose and dense
-supporting connective tissue
-fluid connective tissue

Question 29

function of pseudostratified epithelium

Answer 29

in upper respiratory and reproductive tracts
-moves mucous

Question 30

function of simple columnar epithelium

Answer 30

-absorbs nutrients
-digestive tract and secretes mucin
-ciliated or non-ciliated