Joints Flashcards
arthrology
study of joints
arthritis
inflammation of joints
what are the functional classifications of joints?
-synarthroses: don’t move, axial skeleton, skull
-amphiarthroses: little movement, axial skeleton, intervertebral discs
-diarthroses: a lot of movement, appendicular skeleton, synovial joints
what are the 3 structural classifications of joints?
-fibrous
-cartilaginous
-synovial
what are the types of fibrous joints, their material, function, and an example?
- sutures: synarthroses, dense regular connective tissue, skull
- syndesmoses: amphiarthroses, dense regular connective tissue, ulna & radius
- gomphoses: synarthroses, dense regular connective tissue, teeth
what are the types of cartilaginous joints, their material, function, and an example?
- synchondroses: synarthroses, hyaline cartilage, sternum & 1st rib
- symphyses: amphiarthroses, fibrocartilage, pubic symphysis & intervertebral discs
what are the types of synovial joints, their material, function, and an example?
- nonaxial: dense connective tissue & cartilage, diarthroses, plane & gliding (carpals and tarsals)
- axial: dense connective tissue & cartilage, diarthroses,
what are the types of axial joints?
-uniaxial: hinge (humerus and ulna) & pivot (radius and ulna)
-biaxial: saddle (trapezium, 1st metatarsal) & condyloid (metacarpal & phalange)
-multiaxial: ball and socket (hip and shoulder)
what are synovial membranes?
Secretes synovial fluid, lines joints, mainly loose connective tissue with epithelium
what is synovial fluid?
Filtrate plasma, yellowish
what are the functions of synovial membranes and fluid?
Lubricant, cleans, nourishes, absorbs impact, prevents ossification of cartilage
what are bursae?
Bags of synovial fluid, reduce friction, dissipate forces
