Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

Structure of motor neurons in SNS

Answer 1

somatic motor neuron

Question 2

Structure of motor neurons in ANS

Answer 2

pre and post ganglionic

Question 3

Number of motor neurons in SNS

Answer 3

one

Question 4

Number of motor neurons in ANS

Answer 4

two

Question 5

Myelin cover in SNS

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

Myelin cover in ANS

Answer 6

postganglionic neurons are not myelintated

Question 7

Type of neurotransmitter in SNS

Answer 7

Ach

Question 8

Type of neurotransmitter in ANS

Answer 8

Ach and NE

Question 9

Are ganglions present in SNS?

Answer 9

no

Question 10

Are ganglions present in ANS?

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

Effector organ in SNS

Answer 11

skeletal muscles

Question 12

Effector organ in ANS

Answer 12

smooth and cardiac muscles, glands

Question 13

Parasympathetic

Answer 13

Rest and digest, routine maintenance

Comes from cranial nerves and spinal nerves in sacral region

Craniosacral system

Longer preganglionic neurons and shorter postganglionic neurons

Ganglia closer or within organ

Only innervates organs

Question 14

Sympathetic

Answer 14

Fight or flight, mobilization and increases metabolism, stress

Comes from spinal nerves in the thoracic and lumbar regions

Thoracolumbar system

Shorter preganglionic and longer postganglionic neurons

Ganglia closer to spinal cord

Innervates all of body

Norepinephrine released by postganglionic fibers

More complex

Question 15

Sympathetic Pathways

Answer 15

All pathways begins in T1-L2

Preganglionic axons exit spinal cord through ventral root and enter spinal nerve

Exit spinal nerve via communicating branch

Enter sympathetic trunk and chain where postganglionic neurons are

Question 16

What is the cranial outflow of the parasympathetic division? What nerves are involved?

Answer 16

Oculomotor (III): constrict pupil

Facial (VII): tears, nasal mucus, saliva

Glossopharyngeal (IX): salivary gland

Vagus (X): visceral organs (stimulates digestive glands, controls heart rate)